石灰预处理对树叶堆肥过程中养分转化的影响

以树叶干质量的0%、1.00%、2.50%和4.00%的石灰预处理树叶,24h后分别将预处理后的树叶与鸡粪联合堆肥,研究不同用量石灰预处理树叶对树叶堆肥过程中养分转化的影响。试验在自制的堆肥反应器内进行,采用间歇式强制通风的方式,进行为期59d的堆肥试验。结果表明:石灰预处理树叶24h可以有效的降低树叶中的有机质质量分数,以4.00%的石灰预处理的树叶其有机质降幅达6.00%;石灰预处理24h后,各处理pH相差不大;EC的变化与pH相似;预处理前后,各处理总氮、总磷和总钾的质量分数相差不大。用石灰预处理后的树叶堆肥有利于堆肥有机质的降解,尤以2.50%石灰预处理的效果最好;有利于堆肥w(C)/w(N)的降低,其降低幅度与石灰用量成正比;有利于减少堆肥过程中氮素的损失,且氮素损失与石灰使用量呈反比;有利于堆肥NH4 -N质量分数的降低;提高堆肥终产品NO3--N的质量分数,其质量分数与石灰用量呈正比;有利于堆肥中钾的浓缩;对堆肥的pH、EC、w(NH4 -N)/w(NO3--N)和总磷的影响不大。综合考虑试验结果后认为,以4.00%石灰预处理的效果最为理想。

Effect of lime-pretreatment on nutrient transformation of leaves compost

The composting was carried out with leaves and chicken manure in a cylindrical composting barns for 59 days at the pretreatment with different range of lime through batch forced aerated static pile model for evaluating the effect of lime-pretreatment on nutrient transformation during composting. The results indicated that pretreatment with lime decreased the content of organic matter. The decrease of organic matter was up to 6.00% when pretreatment with 4.00% lime. 24h later, the pH value, EC, total N, total P and total K were not affected significantly. Compost with lime-pretreatment leaves promoted the degradation of organic matter especially when 2.50% lime was added, decreased the w(C)/w(N) ratio which was in direct proportion to the amount of lime, and decreased the N-loss which was in inverse proportion to the amount of lime. Furthermore, lime-pretreatment decreased the NH4 -N concentration and increased NO3--N and total K concentration but did not affect the pH, EC, NH4 -N/NO3--N and total P .All these results suggested that pretreatment with 4.00% lime was best for leaves compost.