冀北山区森林群落草本多样性及其与地形关系研究

通过野外调查取样,应用Menhinick丰富度指数、Simpson指数、Shannon-Wiener指数和Pielou均匀度指数研究了冀北山区12种典型森林群落内的草本植物多样性规律,并采用典范对应分析（CCA）方法研究其分布与地形的关系。结果表明：不同的群落类型草本植物的组成和多样性指数不同,山杨（Populus davidiana）纯林的种数最多为34种,黑桦（Betula dahurica Pall）纯林的种数最少为19种,其Simpson指数、Shannon-Wiener指数最高,分别为0.927 3和2.879 6;在1 200～1 700 m之间,随海拔升高物种多样性指数、均匀度指数和丰富度指数呈正相关性,但没有线性上升的趋势关系;选取的地形因子对样点草本的影响程度大小为：坡向〉海拔〉坡度〉坡位〉坡形,坡向是样点草本植物空间差异的最主要地形制约因子,环境解释率为98.7%,证明排序可信。

Herbaceous diversity and the relationship with terrain in forest communities in northern Hebei mountain

This research studied the relationships between species diversity and the community types,terrain factors and community structure,were studied using the richness indices,diversity indices and evenness indices,through field investigation in 12 types of forest community in northern hebei mountain.The relationship of herb and terrain were studied using the canonical correspondence analysis.Result show that： Although the different community types of the composition and distribution of different herbs,but the diversity index to show consistency.the herbs species of Populus davidiana up to 34,Betula dahurica Pall pure forest is 19,which had the highest Simpson index and Shannon-Wiener index were 0.9273 and 2.8796.Between 1200-1700 m,species diversity index and richness index showed positive correlation with the elevation,but there is no linear relationship between the rising trend.The impact on the degree of herbaceous plants of terrain factor is exposureelevationslopepositionshape,slope exposure is the most important terrain factor for herb spatial difference,the explanation of Environmental was 98.7%,proof sorting credible.