菌剂对堆肥的作用及其应用

好氧高温堆肥是一种受微生物控制的有机物降解和转化的过程。在堆肥过程的不同阶段对有机物降解起关键作用的微生物种群不同。接种菌剂可以使堆肥物料快速达到高温、控制堆肥过程中臭气的产生，缩短堆肥腐熟进程；可以有效杀灭病原体和降解有机污染物，提高堆肥质量。堆肥产品含有生物活性的微生物，作物增产效果显著。文章总结了接种菌剂在堆肥过程中的作用和应用效果，提出接种菌剂的研究首先应利用传统微生物研究法和先进的分子生态学技术摸清堆肥过程中微生物活动规律，逐步筛选出所需功能性菌群，在堆肥应用时要确定菌剂的最佳接种时间和接种量。

The functions of microbial inoculum and its application in composting

Theromophilic aerobic composting is a process of organic matter degradation and transformation controlled by microor-ganism. The key microbiologic population for organic matter degradation in different composting stages is different. Microbial in-oculum can raise the temperature rapidly, eliminate offensive odors, shorten the time of the composting and can improve the quality of compost by killing the pathogenic organisms effectively and degrade organic pollutants. There are many active microbes in the compost product and it could greatly increase crop yield. This paper summarized the functions of microbial inoculum and its applica-tion in composting and suggested that the traditional microbiological methods and molecular ecology should be applied to understand the working rules of microbes and find out the functional microbes gradually, the optimal inoculation quantity and the time of inocu-lation should be studied.