厌氧条件总磷还原为磷化氢种泥筛选及功能菌株鉴定

厌氧除磷是一种高效、节能、低耗的方法。获取经济、方便、高效的种泥是实现该方法的前提,种泥中产生磷化氢功能菌株的组成及特性是提高处理效能和开发新工艺的基础,目前此研究未见有关报道。本研究依据厌氧除磷理论,利用厌氧培养反应瓶、筛选培养基和微生物筛选、分离、鉴定的方法。以A2/O厌氧池、污泥浓缩池污泥、养殖场新鲜猪粪、鸡粪、牛粪及鸭粪为研究种泥,通过跟踪厌氧培养过程培养液中总磷的去除率和吸收液中磷化氢的生成量筛选出最佳种泥,并对最佳种泥的菌株进行筛选、分离和鉴定。结果表明,6种泥中鸡粪的厌氧除磷能力最强,鸭粪能力最弱,浓缩池中的污泥和猪粪次之,牛粪及厌氧池污泥有一定的作用。本试验条件下鸡粪是厌氧除磷的最佳种泥。经过3个周期的厌氧培养,6种泥培养液总磷的去除率和吸收液中磷化氢的含量随培养时间增长都有不同程度增加。鸡粪的最佳培养时间为5d。鸡粪培养液经21d培养后分离到1株芽孢杆菌属、1株假单胞菌属及2株肠杆菌科,明确了2株肠杆菌科中1株为埃希氏菌属另1株为柠檬酸杆菌属。

Screening the phosphate reducer deoxidizing total phosphate into PH3 and the identification of the functional bacteria

a: Anaerobic phosphate removal is a high efficiency, saving energy, low energy consumption method. It is the precondition that to obtain the economical/convenience and high-efficiency inoculum. The formation and characteristic of functional bacteria which deoxidize phosphate into PH3 are the base of improving treatment efficiency and exploring the new technology. These were not reported. In this paper, anaerobic reactor and screening medium were used to screen and isolate the strains, which could transform phosphorus as phosphine. The anaerobic sludge, the concentrates pool sludge, pig manure, chicken manure, cow chicken and duck manure were were prepared as inoculum. The suitable inoculum was estimated by the TP removal efficiency and the production of phosphine in the medium under anaerobic condition. Then, the best phosphate reducer was screened, isolated and identification. The result shows: the phosphate removing activities of chicken manure is the best, duck manure is the worst, the concentrates pool sludge and pig manure are middle, the activities of cow manure and anaerobic sludge are limited. The chicken manure is the first selection which would increase and cultivate anaerobic phosphate reducer during the biological phosphate removal process. After the three cycles anaerobic cultivation,the removing efficiency of TP and the concentration of PH3 are increasing with the time of cultivation. The best cultivation time is the fifth day during the week. Two Enterobacteriaceae spp., one Pseudomonas sp. and one Bacullus sp. are isolated from the chicken manure which is cultivated 21 days. Two Enterobacteriaceae Spp., one belongs to Escherichia sp., the other belongs to Citrobacter sp..