氨氮废水的厌氧氨氧化生物脱氮研究

利用从厌氧污泥中筛选和驯化的厌氧氨氧化（Anammox）菌直接启动UASB反应器,通过缩短水力停留时间（HRT）提高系统运行负荷,探讨水力停留时间对模拟废水脱氮性能的影响。结果表明,（1）富含Anammox菌的颗粒污泥能够快速启动反应器（只需14d）。（2）连续91d的HRT测试期间,系统具有良好的脱氮性能,且随着HRT的缩短,系统的脱氮效率具有波动上升的特点。NH4＋-N、NO2--N和TN（总氮）的平均去除率超过70.0%。（3）系统总氮容积负荷（TNLR）和总氮去除负荷（TNRR）最大值（以N计）分别为2.04kg·m-3·d-1和1.56kg·m-3·d-1。（4）系统能够比较好的遵循Anammox生物脱氮的理论途径：NH4＋-N、NO2--N的去除速率与NO3--N的生成速率的比例为1？1.15？0.22,与其相应理论值（1？1.32？0.26）非常接近。

Biological nitrogen removal with the Anaerobic-ammonium-oxidation (Anammox) process

An up flow anaerobic sludge blanket（UASB） reactor was operated in order to investigate the effects of hydraulic retention time（HRT） on nitrogen removal performance over the Anammox process as shortening HRT to improve the system load.Results showed that（1） the reactor seeded with granular sludge biomass enriched Anammox was started up rapidly（within 14 days）,（2） the nitrogen removal performance appeared good steadily during the HRT tests（in 91 days） and the nitrogen removal efficiency fluctuated in growth with the shortening of HRT.The average NH4＋-N,NO2--N and total nitrogen removed efficiency were over 70.0%.（3） The biggest total nitrogen loading rate and total nitrogen removal rate were 2.04 kg N·m-3·d-1 and 1.56 kg N· m-3·d-1 respectively.（4） The reactor could strictly follow the principles of anammox denitrification process,as the ratio of NH4＋-N（removal biomass）,NO2--N（removal biomass） and NO3--N（product biomass） was 1：1.15：0.22 during the whole experiment,which was very closed to the theory values of anammox process（1：1.32：0.26）.