梵净山不同森林植被生物量、净生产量、碳储量及空间分布特征

为做好梵净山国家级自然保护区森林植被保护,摸清自然保护区森林植被资源家底,采用2016年第四次森林资源规划设计调查数据及变更至2019年的森林资源数据,计算和分析保护区内森林植被生物量、净生产量、碳储量。梵净山8种森林类型的总生物量为443.72×10⁴t,总碳储量为219.80×10⁴t,总生长量为29.75×10⁴t·a^?1,总凋落量为18.65×10⁴t·a^?1,总净生产量为48.40×10⁴t·a^?1,总生物量、总碳储量较大的是栎林,较小的是铁杉林,桦木林、阔叶混交林、马尾松林、软阔林、杉木林和硬阔林居中;平均碳密度为48.86 t·hm^?2,依次为:桦木林>阔叶混交林>栎林>硬阔林>软阔林>马尾松林>杉木林>铁杉林;总生长量、年凋落量、净生产量较高的是栎林、硬阔林,较低的是马尾松林、阔叶混交林和铁杉林,3种森林类型合计比例不到10%;在龄组中的分配依次为:中龄林>近熟林>成熟林>幼龄林>过熟林。在不同海拔中,梵净山森林植被生物量、碳储量、生长量、凋落量和净生产量主要分布在海拔1201—1800 m,其分布比例分别为50.39%、50.38%、49.21%、50.08%和49.54%;在不同坡向中,梵净山森林植被生物量、碳储量、生长量、凋落量和净生产量主要分布在南坡和北坡,二者合计比例大于60%。

Biomass,Net Production,Carbon Storage and Spatial Distrubution Features of Different Forest Vegetation in Fanjing Mountains

In order to protect the forest vegetation in Fanjing Mountain National Nature Reserve and make a clear picture of the forest vegetation resources in the nature reserve,the data of the fourth forest resources planning and design survey in 2016 and the forest resources data changed to 2019 are used,the forest vegetation biomass,net production and carbon storage were calculated and analyzed.The total biomass of 8 forest types was 443.72×10⁴t in Fanjing Mountains,the total carbon storage was 219.80×10⁴t,the total growth increment was 29.75×10⁴t·a^?1,the total litter amount was 18.65×10⁴t·a^?1,and the total net production was 48.40×10⁴t·a^?1.The total biomass and carbon storage higher was Quercus forest,smaller one Tsuga chinensis forest,and the medium ones Betula platyphylla forest,Mixed broadleaved forest,Pinus massoniana forest,Broadleaved softwood forest,Cunninghamia lanceolate forest and Broadleaved hardwood forest.The average carbon density was 48.86 t·hm^-2,in that order Betula platyphylla forest>Mixed broadleaved forest>Quercus forest>Broadleaved hardwood forest>Broadleaved softwood forest>Pinus massoniana forest>Cunninghamia lanceolate forest>Tsuga chinensis forest.The total increment,annual litter amount and net production were higher in Quercus forest and Broadleaved hardwood forest,lower in Pinus massoniana forest,Mixed broadleaved forest and Tsuga chinensis forest,and the total proportion of the 3 forest types is less than 10%.In the age group distribution,the order was Half-mature forest>Near-mature forest>Mature forest>young forest>Overmature forest.In different altitude,biomass,carbon storage,increment,litter amount and net productionof forest vegetation distributed in the altitude of 1201–1800 m in Fanjing Mountains.The distribution proportion are 50.39%,50.38%,49.21%,50.08%and 49.54%.In different slope aspect,biomass,carbon storage,increment,litter amount and net productionof forest vegetation distributed in the south and north slopesin Fanjing Mountains.The sum of them is more than 60%.