玉米和黄豆对酸性土壤中石油的去除效果

通过室外盆栽试验,比较了玉米(Zea mays)和黄豆(Glycine max)2种植物对酸性土壤中石油污染物的去除效果。结果表明,2种植物对土壤中石油具有良好的耐受性和去除效果。玉米和黄豆对石油烃的去除率分别可达38.41%～64.30%和34.24%～63.96%,而自然条件下石油去除率仅为23.77%～58.43%。聚合酶链式反应-变性梯度凝胶电泳(PCR-DGGE)图谱分析结果显示,当w(石油)为0～17 295 mg.kg-1时,土壤微生物群落的丰度和多样性大致随着w(石油)的升高而呈下降趋势,植物根系能够选择性地促进根际微生物的增殖,且玉米根系的作用比黄豆明显。

Effects of Maize and Soybean Phytoremedying Petroleum Polluted Acid Soil

An outdoor pot experiment was conducted to compare maize(Zea mays) with soybean(Glycine max) in effect of removing petroleum pollutants from acid soil.Results show that both of the two plants are good at tolerating and removing petroleum pollutants in the soil.In labe,maize and soybean could remove 38.41%-64.30% and 34.24%-63.96%,respectively of the petroleum hydrocarbons in the soil,while in the field only 23.77%-58.43%.The PCR-DGGE pattern showed that abundance and diversity of the microbial community in the polluted soil decreased with the increase in concentration of the pollutants from 0 to 17 295 mg·kg-1.The root systems of the two plants are able to selectively promote proliferation of some species of microbe in the rhizosphere and the effect is more significant with maize than with soybean.