Use of genetic,climatic, and microbiological data to inform reintroduction of a regionally extinct butterfly |
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Authors: | Vlad Dinc? Zsolt Bálint Raluca Vod? Leonardo Dapporto Paul D N Hebert Roger Vila |
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Institution: | 1. Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC‐Universitat Pompeu Fabra), Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta 37, Barcelona, Spain;2. Department of Ecology and Genetics, University of Oulu, Finland;3. Department of Zoology, Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest, Hungary;4. DBIOS Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Biologia dei Sistemi, Università degli Studi di Torino, Turin, Italy;5. Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy;6. Centre for Biodiversity Genomics, Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada |
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Abstract: | Species reintroductions are increasingly used as means of mitigating biodiversity loss. Besides habitat quality at the site targeted for reintroduction, the choice of source population can be critical for success. The butterfly Melanargia russiae (Esper´s marbled white) was extirpated from Hungary over 100 years ago, and a reintroduction program has recently been approved. We used museum specimens of this butterfly, mitochondrial DNA data (mtDNA), endosymbiont screening, and climatic‐similarity analyses to determine which extant populations should be used for its reintroduction. The species displayed 2 main mtDNA lineages across its range: 1 restricted to Iberia and southern France (Iberian lineage) and another found throughout the rest of its range (Eurasian lineage). These 2 lineages possessed highly divergent wsp alleles of the bacterial endosymbiont Wolbachia. The century‐old Hungarian specimens represented an endemic haplotype belonging to the Eurasian lineage, differing by one mutation from the Balkan and eastern European populations. The Hungarian populations of M. russiae occurred in areas with a colder and drier climate relative to most sites with extant known populations. Our results suggest the populations used for reintroduction to Hungary should belong to the Eurasian lineage, preferably from eastern Ukraine (genetically close and living in areas with the highest climatic similarity). Materials stored in museum collections can provide unique opportunities to document historical genetic diversity and help direct conservation. |
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Keywords: | COI century‐old DNA Hungary Melanargia russiae species reintroduction Wolbachia ADN con un siglo de antigü edad COI Hungrí a Melanargia russiae reintroducció n de especies Wolbachia COI 基 因 百 年 历 史 的 DNA 匈 牙 利 俄 罗 斯 白 眼 蝶 (Melanargia russiae)
物 种 重 引 入 沃 尔 巴 克 氏 体 (Wolbachia)
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