家畜沤肥浸渍液对青椒枯萎病的防治及作用机理

研究表明家畜沤肥浸渍液对青枯萎病具有显著防治效果，其中猪粪沤肥浸液在温室盆栽的防治效果为88．5％，马粪、牛粪沤肥浸渍液在温室盆栽的防治效果分别为56．6％和65．5％，作用机理研究结果表明，①三种沤肥浸渍液对青椒枯萎病菌的厚坦孢子、小孢子都具有强烈的溶菌作用。②沤肥微生物中具有对青椒枯萎病菌有强烈的拮抗作用的细菌。③沤肥浸渍液处理青椒后，β－1，3－葡聚糖酶，多酚氧化酶，苯丙氨酸转氨酶活性分别增高12．0％、367．0％和20．0％。④沤肥浸渍液处理青椒后，其植株高度、叶片厚度和叶脉直径均比对照有所增高。显示防病机理既有拮抗作用，又有诱导抗性作用。表5参12

CONTROL OF SWEET PEPPER FUSARIUM WILT WITH COMPOST EXTRACTS AND ITS MECHAN ISM

Extracts made from livestock manure composts could signif icantly control sweet pepper fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. vasi nfectum). In pot test in green house, the treatment of compost extract from pi g manure reached a relative efficacy of 88.5%, and the treatment efficaciges wit h compost extracts from horse and cow manure were 56.6% and 65.5%, respectively. St udy on possible mechanisms shown that the compost extracts had a mycolytic effec t on the chlamydospores and microspores. Strong antagonistic bacteria of sweet p epper fusarium wilt were isolated from the compost extracts. The activities of β-1,3-dextranase, polyphenol oxidase, and phenylalanine ammonia lyase of sweet pepper were raised by 12%, 367%,and 20% with compost extracts. In addition , nutritional effect, that made plant growth well, helped to defend the pathogen . Tab 5, Ref 12