不同光照时间对杏鲍菇生长发育的影响

为探究光照时间对杏鲍菇生长发育的影响,设置蓝、白两种光质,每种光质下设置5种不同光照时间处理进行栽培试验,并测定每个处理下杏鲍菇原基形成与分化速度、菇蕾与子实体形态、产量及可溶性蛋白质与总糖含量.结果显示,原基形成速度随光照时间增加呈现先增加后降低的趋势,蓝光下以15 min光照15 min黑暗时间处理下原基形成速度最快,白光下以10 min光照20 min黑暗时间处理下原基形成速度最快;原基分化速度随光照时间增加而增加,蓝、白光下均以30 min光照1 s黑暗时间处理下原基分化速度最快;菇蕾与子实体菌盖直径随光照时间增加有逐渐增大的趋势;子实体菌柄长度随光照时间增加有逐渐缩短的趋势;子实体产量以1 min光照29 min黑暗与5 min光照25 min时间处理下较高;可溶性蛋白质含量以1 min光照29 min黑暗、5 min光照25 min黑暗时间处理下含量较高;总糖含量在不同光照时间处理间差异较小.本研究表明工厂化杏鲍菇栽培过程中,在原基形成与分化阶段宜选用较长时间光照以加速原基形成与分化从而缩短生产周期;子实体生长阶段采用较少光照时间即1 min光照29 min黑暗有利于增加产量;同时可根据子实体生长状态来适当调控光照时间,以生产出适应于市场需求的产品.(图4表9参25)

Effects of different illumination times on growth and development of Pleurotus eryngii

To explore the effect of different illumination times on the growth and development of Pleurotus eryngii, five different lengths of illumination time under blue light and white light were used in this study. Multiple biological indicators, such as the formation and differentiation rate of the primordium, and the morphology, yield, soluble protein, and total sugar content of the fruiting body, were measured in each treatment. The results showed that the formation rate of the primordium first increased and then decreased with increasing illumination time. Under blue light, the formation rate of the primordium was the fastest under 15 min light 15 min darkness, while under white light, it was the fastest under 10 min light 20 min darkness. The differentiation rate of the primordium increased with increasing illumination time, and was the fastest at 30 min light 1 s darkness under blue and white light. The diameter of the fruiting body pileus increased while the length of the fruiting body stipe decreased with an increase in illumination time. The yield of P. eryngii was higher under illumination conditions of 1 min light 29 min darkness and 5 min light 25 min darkness. The soluble protein content in fruiting bodies was higher under 1 min light 29 min darkness and 5 min light 25 min darkness. The difference in total sugar content in fruiting bodies among the different treatment groups was not significant. Our study showed that prolonged light could be used to accelerate the formation and differentiation of the primordium in order to shorten the cultivation cycle of P. eryngii, while less light time(1 min light 29 min darkness) could be used at the fruiting stage to increase the yield of fruiting bodies. Additionally, illumination time can be regulated according to the growth and development state of the fruiting body, to produce products that meet market demand.