广东汕头海岸湿地鸟类群落及其多样性

对广东汕头海岸湿地的鸟类资源进行了调查,共记录鸟类100种,隶属15目31科,其中古北界鸟类43种,东洋界鸟类45种,广布种鸟类12种.区系组成呈南北鸟类混杂分布,鸟类的多样性表现出明显的季节性.该湿地有国家二级重点保护鸟类10种,中日候鸟保护协定名录中的鸟类43种.对5个湿地样区的主要鸟类种类和数量进行了调查,结果反映汕头海岸湿地是水鸟类重要的越冬栖息场,鸟类群落多样性指数以三屿围和六合围两个样区较高,分别为3.2306和3.2283,濠江口的多样性指数较低,为1.981.群落多样性指数的高低主要受物种数量和各物种数量均匀度的影响.本文还提出了对鸟类资源保护和管理的建议.表3参9

BIRD COMMUNITY AND DIVERSITY IN SHANTOU COASTAL WETLAND, GUANGDONG

Bird resources in the shantou coastal wetland, Guangdong were investigated, and 100 species were recorded belonging to 31 families in 15 orders. Of them, 43 species belong to Palaeartic Realm, 45 species Oriental Realm and 12 species distribute widely. The bird species diversity shows clear seasonal variation. Among them, 10 species are listed as protected birds under class 2 of China, 43 species are listed in China & Japan Bird Protection Agreement. The species diversity of birds in 5 sampling areas of the wetland were surveyed, reflecting that the Shantou coastal wetland was the important wintering habitat for waterbirds. Diversity index of bird community was higher than that in the wetlands of Sanyuwei (3.230 6) and Liuhewei (3.228 3), and lower of Haojiang Mouth (1.981). The diversity index was mainly affected by the number of bird species and evenness of population number among species. The management and protection of bird resources are also discussed in this paper. Tab 3, Ref 9