旅游干扰下五台山不同植被景观区物种多样性特征

利用双向指示种分析方法(Two-way indicator species analysis,TWINSPAN)和6个物种多样性指数,研究了旅游干扰下五台山不同植被景观区物种多样性的特征.结果表明:1)TWINSPAN将所有样地划分为9类植被景观区,从Ⅰ区到Ⅸ区,随着旅游干扰程度的增加,植被景观大致由乔灌草区向灌草区、草本区和居民区方向变化.2)乔木层物种的丰富度和综合多样性随着旅游干扰的减小而趋于增加,但是其均匀度没有表现出明显的规律性.3)灌木层物种的丰富度和综合多样性也随着旅游干扰的减小而趋于增加,至于其均匀度,则呈现出在中度干扰下值最大,干扰很小的地方次之,在重度干扰下则最小.4)草本层物种的丰富度、均匀度和综合多样性指数均在旅游干扰适度的地方达到了最大值,在旅游干扰很小的地方,各种值则次之,在干扰严重的地方为最小.5)从整个植被层物种多样性的角度看,随着旅游干扰程度的减少,物种丰富度指数、均匀度指数和综合多样性指数均呈现趋于增加的趋势.表4参15

Plant Species Diversities of Tourism Disturbed Landscapes in Wutai Mountains, China

Plant species diversities of the disturbed landscapes in the touristic Wutai Mountains,China were studied with two-way indicator species analysis(TWINSPAN) and six diversity indices.The results showed that:(1) The investigated plots could be divided into nine vegetation landscapes,and as the tourism disturbance increased,the vegetation landscapes changed from the tree-shrub-herb type to the shrub-herb type,and then to the herb type and the residential type.(2) With the disturbance decreasing,both the species richness and the diversity increased gradually,but the evenness showed no obvious trend.(3) With the disturbance decreasing,the species richness and the diversity increased gradually in the shrub layer,while the evenness was the highest with the middle disturbance,and followed by the less disturbance,and the least with the serious disturbance.(4) Species richness,evenness and diversity were all the highest with the middle disturbance,and the least with the serious disturbance.(5) In the whole vegetation layers,species richness,evenness and diversity increased gradually with the disturbance decreasing.Tab 4,Ref 15