Oviposition of carrot fly (Psila rosae) in response to foliage and leaf surface extracts of host plants |
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Authors: | Thomas Degen Erich Städler |
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Institution: | Swiss Federal Research Station for Fruit-Growing, Viticulture and Horticulture, CH-8820 W?denswil, Switzerland, CH
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Abstract: | Summary. Foliage of twelve host and two non-host species and surrogate leaves treated with the respective leaf extracts were presented
to laboratory populations of the carrot fly (Psila rosae) in oviposition choice assays. The stimulatory activity of dichloromethane surface extracts and the diethyl ether fraction
of hot water extracts did not reflect accurately the differences in acceptability observed among intact leaves. A better correlation
was found using hexane extracts prepared in a microwave oven. Two out of five fractions of this crude hexane extract obtained
by silica gel column chromatography stimulated oviposition. The diethyl ether fraction, which contained the previously identified
oviposition stimulants (propenylbenzenes, furanocoumarins, polyacetylenes), could account for only a minor part of the variation
in the acceptability of host leaves. The preference hierarchy for intact leaves corresponded better to the ranking of species
according to activity of the methanolic fraction, which apparently contains unknown stimulatory compounds.? The water fractions
of the hot water extracts were shown to reduce egg-laying underneath surrogate leaves treated with a stimulatory extract.
This oviposition-deterring effect was particularly strong with the non-preferred species Pimpinella major, which is also highly resistant in the field. Hence, unidentified inhibitory compounds may also contribute to differential
accept ability of host plants. It is concluded that antixenotic (non-preference) resistance of host plants to carrot fly attack
depends on complex mixtures of semiochemicals.
Received 11 June 1997; accepted 26 November 1997. |
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Keywords: | , Diptera - Apiaceae - host acceptance - antixenosis - oviposition stimulants - oviposition deterrents - dichloromethane,,,,,surface extracts - hexane extracts - hot water extracts |
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