Predicting constant decay rates of coarse woody debris—A meta-analysis approach with a mixed model |
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| Authors: | Jürgen Zell Gerald Kändler Marc Hanewinkel |
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| Institution: | 1. UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department of Soil Ecology, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany;2. Dresden University of Technology (TU Dresden) – International Institute (IHI) Zittau, Markt 23, D-02763 Zittau, Germany;3. University of Freiburg, Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources, Chair of Silviculture, Tennenbacherstr. 4, D-79085 Freiburg i. Brsg., Germany;4. German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany;1. Department of Forest Resources, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA;2. School of Forest Resources, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA;3. Department of Forest Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland;4. USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, Durham, NH, USA;5. USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, St. Paul, MN, USA;6. Rubenstein School of Environment and Natural Resources, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA;7. Department of Natural Resources, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, USA;1. Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 94240, 1090 GE Amsterdam, The Netherlands;2. Systems Ecology, Department of Ecological Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands;3. Institute of Environmental Biology, Ecology and Biodiversity, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands;4. Institute of Soil Science and Site Ecology, Dresden University of Technology, Pienner Strasse 19, 01737 Tharandt, Germany;1. Department of Bio- and Environmental Sciences, International Institute Zittau, Technische Universität Dresden, Zittau, Germany;2. Department of Soil Ecology, UFZ – Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Halle (Saale), Germany;3. Chair of Silviculture, Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany |
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| Abstract: | The aim of the study is the estimation of decay rates for coarse woody debris in large forest regions. These rates, together with estimations of the amount of deadwood, can be used to calculate the release of carbon from that pool into the atmosphere. The model can be used for predictions of decomposition rate constants in a wide range of forest areas (e.g. in process based ecological models, reporting of GHG-emissions), as only easily available predictor variables were used in the regression.Based on an intensive literature research a meta-analysis on influencing factors controlling the constant decay rate of coarse woody debris was set up. The included studies differed significantly in the survey methods as well as in the geographical origin. 39 studies were collected, 30 appeared in North America and nine in Europe. Based on these studies 291 observations of the remaining fraction of coarse woody debris were collected.To quantify the effects that influence the decomposition rates a nonlinear mixed effects model was constructed. Only physiologically interpretable variables were included. With this approach it was possible to determine influencing effects from mean temperature in July, annual rainfall (as quadratic term), diameter of woody material and grouping into hardwoods or conifers and mass- or density loss were significant variables. The mixed effects model also allowed an estimation of the species-specific effects on the decomposition process. These random effects are given for 42 tree species. The degrees of freedom were used efficiently. The model explains 79.6% of the variance and is superior to a comparable multiple regression model. |
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