Spawning and larval development of the black turban snail Tegula funebralis (Prosobranchia: Trochidae) |
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Authors: | A L Moran |
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Institution: | (1) Oregon Institute of Marine Biology and University of Oregon, Charleston, Oregon 97420, USA, US |
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Abstract: | An understanding of spawning and larval development can be fundamental to interpreting the abundance, distribution, and population
structure of marine invertebrate taxa. Tegula funebralis (A. Adams, 1855), the black turban snail, has been the focus of numerous ecological studies on the Pacific coast of North
America. To date, there are only conflicting and anecdotal reports of spawning, and there is no information on larval or juvenile
development for this conspicuous and abundant species. On 19 September 1995, two individuals of T. funebralis were observed free-spawning gametes into seawater in tanks at the Oregon Institute of Marine Biology. Embryos and larvae
were subsequently reared to metamorphosis and beyond. Development was pelagic and similar to development described for other
trochids, and larvae were observed not to feed at any stage. Larvae began to metamorphose at 5.7 to 6.7 d and settled at 260
μm shell length. Juveniles grew ≃ 10 μm in shell length per day and appeared to feed on detritus. Juveniles lacked some adult
diagnostic shell characters, including two columellar nodes and a closed umbilicus. In the field, small (<3 mm) juveniles
occurred in the adult habitat on all sampling dates between October and March. Small juveniles were found only under rocks
and were most abundant under rocks partially buried in coarse sand, suggesting that juveniles may utilize a specific microhabitat
within the adult T. funebralis habitat.
Received: 7 October 1996 / Accepted: 17 October 1996 |
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