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Identification of sperm proteins as candidate biomarkers for the analysis of reproductive isolation in Mytilus: a case study for the enkurin locus |
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| Authors: | Manuela Bartel Stefanie Hartmann Karola Lehmann Kai Postel Humberto Quesada Eva E R Philipp Katja Heilmann Burkhard Micheel Heiko Stuckas |
| Institution: | 1. Senckenberg Dresden, Museum of Zoology (Museum für Tierkunde), K?nigsbrücker Landstrasse 159, 01109, Dresden, Germany 2. Unit of Bioinformatics, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht Strasse 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany 3. Proteome Factory AG, Magnusstrasse 11, 12498, Berlin, Germany 4. DFG-Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Retinal Regeneration, Dresden University of Technology, Cluster of Excellence, Fetscherstrasse 105, 01307, Dresden, Germany 5. Departamento de Bioquímica, Genética e Immunología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Vigo, Vigo, Spain 6. Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Universit?tsklinikum Schleswig Holstein, Campus Kiel, Schittenhelmstr. 12, 24105, Kiel, Germany 7. Junior Research Group Antibody Technology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht Strasse 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany |
| Abstract: | Sperm proteins of the marine sessile mussels of the Mytilus edulis species complex are models to investigate reproductive isolation and speciation. This study aimed at identifying sperm proteins and their corresponding genes. This was aided by the use of monoclonal antibodies that preferentially bind to yet unknown sperm molecules. By identifying their target molecules, this approach identified proteins with relevance to Mytilus sperm function. This procedure identified 16 proteins, for example, enkurin, laminin, porin and heat shock proteins. The potential use of these proteins as genetic markers to study reproductive isolation is exemplified by analysing the enkurin locus. Enkurin evolution is driven by purifying selection, the locus displays high levels of intraspecific variation and species-specific alleles group in distinct phylogenetic clusters. These findings characterize enkurin as informative candidate biomarker for analyses of clinal variation and differential introgression in hybrid zones, for example, to understand determinants of reproductive isolation in Baltic Mytilus populations. |
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