北京城市发展新区土地利用景观格局分析

以北京南部城市发展新区典型代表———房山、大兴、通州3处作为研究区,运用马尔科夫转移矩阵和景观格局指数的方法,进行土地利用变化和景观格局分析。通过对2001—2006年、2006—2011年两个时段的对比分析,发现2001—2006年研究区存在草地、林地、耕地等非建设用地类型面积下降,建设用地面积上升的趋势,且2006—2011年该趋势更加明显。结果表明研究区自然景观向人文景观变革迅速,并面临着后备土地资源不足等问题,亟需调整土地利用方式并优化景观系统空间格局。

Analysis of Land Use and Landscape Pattern in Newly Developed Beijing Urban Districts

This research is based on the three typical districts in Beijing South with rapid urbanization,named Fangshan, Daxing and Tongzhou. The method of Markov transition matrix and the approach of landscape pattern index were used to analyze the ecosystem landscape structure. The evaluation and comparison of ecosystem landscape structure covered the periods of 2001-2006 and 2006 -2011. During 2001-2006, the area covered with grass, forest, farmland and other types of non -construction lands decreased while the area of construction land showed an increasing trend, and this trend was much more outstanding in 2006-2011. The results illustrated a rapid change from natural landscape to culture landscape in Beijing South urban districts and the problem of insufficient reserve land resources. There was an urgent need to adjust land use and optimize spatial pattern of landscape systems.