水稻基因类型与生长环境对精米中砷积累的影响

砷(As)是动植物非必需的有毒类金属。水稻是对As有较强吸收和富集能力的大宗粮食作物,大米的食用是我国及东南亚地区人体暴露As的最主要途径,严重威胁人体健康。水稻籽粒中As的积累与水稻的基因型及众多环境因子密切相关,而且表现出复杂的交互作用。在浙江省选择了不同土壤砷背景值的5块水稻田,同时在嘉兴市农科院布置了人工添加As的盆栽实验,比较了20个水稻品种在这6个实验点的精米中As含量。结果表明,水稻基因型与环境及其相互作用对水稻籽粒中As的积累均有极显著影响,并且筛选得到了5个精米中As含量较低的基因型:秀水128、秀水09、秀水134、甬粳16和Y-05-8。

Impact of Rice Genotype and Growing Environment on Arsenic Accumulation in Rice Polished Grains

Arsenic (As) is a metalloid that is non-essential and toxic to plants and animals. Rice is the staple food, which is particularly efficient in assimilating As, and transporting As to grains. For populations in South and South-East Asia, rice consumption is an important intake route of As, which poses serious threat to human health. Arsenic accumulation in rice grains is affected by rice genotype, environmental factors, and the interactions between genotype and environment. In this study, five paddy fields with different As background concentrations in soil were selected. Twenty local rice genotypes were grown in these sites, and As accumulation in polished rice grains was analyzed. In addition, pot experiments by adding As in soil were performed with these 20 rice genotypes in Jiaxing Academy of Agricultural Sciences. Results indicated that rice genotypes and environment, as well as their interactions, significantly affected As accumulation in rice grains. Moreover, from this study, five rice genotypes were identified with low As accumulation in polished grains, Xiushui 128, Xiushui 09, Xiushui 134, Yongjian16 and Y-05-8.