3种新型污染物对发光菌的毒性作用研究

分析了3种常见的代表性新型污染物对发光菌的单一毒性和等毒性比例下的联合毒性,基于毒性单位法(TU)、相加指数法(AI)和混合毒性指数法(MTI)评价混合体系联合毒性作用类型。三氯生、五氯酚、双酚A对发光菌的半数效应浓度(EC_(50))分别为:0.045、0.035、0.74 mg·L~(-1)。不同的评价方法对3种新型污染物的联合效应评价结果具有较好的一致性,多元混合体系呈现为不同程度的拮抗作用,结合分子结构特征和不同取代基的相互作用,初步分析了联合毒性机理,进一步毒性作用机制还需要通过对生物生理生化响应等进行深入研究。新型污染物混合体系对发光菌的联合作用呈现以拮抗作用为主,表明此类污染物环境残留可导致相关化学品功效降低,引发微生物耐药性的产生和传播的风险。

Study on the Toxicity of Three Emerging Pollutants to Photobacterium phosphoreum

The single toxicity and joint toxicity to Photosbacterium phosphoreum under the same toxicity ratio of three emerging pollutants were studied. The action types of joint toxicity were evaluated by toxicity unit (TU), additive index (AI) and mixtures toxicity index (MTI). The acute toxicity EC₅₀ of triclosan, pentachlorophenol and bisphenol A to Photosbacterium phosphoreum were 0.045, 0.035 and 0.74 mg L^-1 respectively. A consistent action mode was obtained by different evaluating methods. Antagonism action of various extents existed among the multiple composite systems. Mechanisms of joint toxicity were preliminarily analyzed combining with characteristics of emerging pollutants molecular structure and interaction of different substituents. The further mechanisms of toxicity action need further understanding on physiological and biochemical responses of organisms. The facts that emerging pollutants mixture systems showed almost antagonism could indicate that environmental residue may reduce the efficiency of related chemicals and evolve the risk of microbe resistance and its spread.