水生和陆生生物体中卤系阻燃剂的差异性富集研究:以鲶鱼和家鸽为例

分析了水生(鲶鱼)和陆生(家鸽)生物体中卤系阻燃剂(HFRs)的组成和浓度。鲶鱼中短链氯化石蜡(SCCPs)浓度均值为30 800 ng·g~(-1)lw(脂肪归一化浓度),是最主要的HFRs,然后依次是多溴联苯醚(PBDEs)(2 300 ng·g~(-1)lw)、四溴双酚A(TBBPA)(37 ng·g~(-1)lw)、六溴环十二烷(HBCD)(21 ng·g~(-1)lw)、德克隆(DP)(14 ng·g~(-1)lw)、十溴二苯乙烷(DBDPE)(7.1 ng·g~(-1)lw)和六溴苯(HBB)(6.2 ng·g~(-1)lw);而家鸽中PBDEs含量最高(17 000 ng·g~(-1)lw),其次是SCCPs(7 600 ng·g~(-1)lw)DP(1 600 ng·g~(-1)lw)DBDPE(14 ng·g~(-1)lw)HBB、TBBPA和HBCDs(未检出)。鲶鱼和家鸽HFRs组成比较发现,鲶鱼中具有较高百分含量的低溴代PBDE单体和较低的fanti值,而家鸽中具有较高百分含量的高溴代PBDE单体和较高的fanti值。实验结果初步表明,水生生物较多地富集水溶性较大的化合物,陆生生物则较多地富集疏水性较强的化合物。研究认为以上水生和陆生生物体中污染物的差异性富集现象可能与化合物因不同物理化学性质导致的不同环境迁移行为有关。

Bioaccumulative Characteristics of Halogenated Flame Retardants in Aquatic and Terrestrial Biotas: A Case Study of Catfish and Pigeons

In the present study, the concentrations and compositions of several halogenated flame retardants (HFRs) in aquatic animal (catfish) and terrestrial animal (pigeon) were investigated. Short chain chlorinated paraffins (SCCPs) was the predominant HFR in catfish with a mean concentration of 30 800 ng g^-1, lipid weight (lw), followed by polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) (2 300 ng g^-1 lw), tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) (37 ng g^-1 lw), hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDs) (21 ng g^-1 lw), dechlorane plus (DP) (14 ng g^-1 lw), decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE) (7.1 ng g^-1 lw) and hexabromobenzene (HBB) (6.2 ng g^-1 lw). However, PBDEs was found to be the most abundant HFR in pigeons with an average concentration of 17 000 ng g^-1 lw. The concentrations of SCCPs, DP and DBDPE were 7 600, 1 600, and 14 ng g^-1 lw, respectively. HBB, TBBPA and HBCDs were not detected in pigeons. Lower contributions of lower brominated PBDE congeners and lower f_anti values in catfish were found compared to those of pigeons. Our results indicated that aquatic animals were more prone to accumulate higher proportions of less lipophilic compounds than terrestrial animals. The different HFR distribution patterns between aquatic and terrestrial biotas might be due to the different environmental behaviors of these compounds influenced by their physicochemical properties.