九龙江流域规模化养猪场砷污染状况调查

对九龙江流域规模化养猪场猪饲料、沼气出液和猪粪中砷的含量进行了测定。猪饲料中砷的含量范围为0.50～7.72mg·kg-1,平均值为3.49mg·kg-1;沼气出液中砷的含量范围为0.47～56.13μg·L-1,平均值为13.45μg·L-1;猪粪中砷的含量范围为0.32～114.46mg·kg-1,平均值为13.45mg·kg-1。同一养猪场,小猪猪粪中的砷含量一般高于大猪和母猪猪粪;沼气出液和猪粪中的砷含量具有一定的相关性。由估算知,养猪场向九龙江流域年排放的砷总量约为821kg。9家养猪场中有2家猪粪和1家沼气出液中砷的含量相对较高,生态风险等级较高,已超过国家相应标准。总之,应该加强养猪业的管理,以防止养猪场对九龙江流域造成砷污染。

Investigation on Arsenic Contamination in Pig Farms in Jiulongjiang Watershed

The contents of arsenic in pig feeds, fermented liquid and pig manure which were collected from pig farms in Jiulongjiang watershed, were investigated. Results showed that the contents of arsenic in pig feeds ranged from 0.50 to 7.72 mg·kg-1, with the average 3.49 mg·kg-1; the concentrations of arsenic in fermented liquid ranged from 0.47 to 56.13 μg·L-1, with the average 13.45 μg·L-1; and the contents of arsenic in pig manure ranged from 0.32 to 114.46 mg·kg-1, with the average 13.45 mg·kg-1. The results also showed that arsenic contents in piglet manure were higher than those in grower-finisher pig and sow manure in most pig farms. There was a relationship between the contents of arsenic in fermented liquid and those in manure. Besides, an estimated value on yearly arsenic discharge into Jiulongjiang watershed from pig farms was about 821 kg. Arsenic concentrations of fermented liquid from one out of nine pig farms and arsenic contents of pig manure from two out of nine pig farms exceeded the national standards. Therefore, the management of pig industry in Jiulongjiang watershed should be strengthened to avoid the arsenic pollution.