曹妃甸和黄骅港近岸海域表层水体中PAHs的分布、来源及风险评价

曹妃甸和黄骅港是河北省近海工业布局和港口分布较密集的区域,对其近岸海域海水水质进行监测具有重要意义。2014年9月采集研究区近岸海域表层海水,并利用GC-MS对其中16种优先控制PAHs进行测定。结果表明,曹妃甸和黄骅港近岸海域表层海水中∑PAHs含量分别为52.6~192.1 ng·L~(-1)和85.4~156 ng·L~(-1),平均含量分别为74.59 ng·L~(-1)和121.45 ng·L~(-1)。黄骅港近岸海域∑PAHs含量高于曹妃甸近岸海域的含量,但PAHs的种类没有差异。对比其他研究区域水体中PAHs的含量,本区域表层海水中PAHs的含量处于中等水平,属于轻污染。异构体比值结合该区域现状分析初步判断,研究区表层海水中PAHs来源于石油污染和煤、生物质等的燃烧。应用风险商值法(RQ)对研究区域表层海水中PAHs的生态风险进行评价,结果表明该海域存在低生态风险,需采取措施控制PAHs的污染。

Distribution, Source and Ecological Risk Assessment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Surface Water from the Caofeidian and Huanghuagang, China

It is important to monitor the quality of the seawater near Caofeidian and Huanghuagang, Hebei Province, China, where there are more industrial layout and ports. Surface seawater samples were collected and 16 priority polycyclic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were analyzed by GC/MS in September 2014. Total PAHs concentrations in the surface seawater from Caofeidian and Huanghuagang varied in the range of 52.6~192.1 ng?L^-1 and 85.4~156 ng?L^-1, with the mean values of 74.59 ng?L^-1 and 121.45 ng?L^-1, respectively. The levels of PAHs in Huanghuagang sea area were higher than those in Caofeidian sea area, with no difference in the kinds of PAHs. Compared with the reports about PAHs in seawater all over the world, the concentrations of PAHs in the surface seawater from the Caofeidian and Huanghuagang were medium and at light-polluted level. The measured PAHs mainly came from oil and combustion of coal and biomass, and etc. according to the ratios of isomer and analysis of the current conditions of the two areas. Risk quotients (RQ) results showed that there was low ecological risk in these areas and some measurements should be taken to control the pollution of PAHs.