8种常见农药对海胆胚胎各发育期的急性毒性

为初步探讨农药对海胆胚胎的急性毒性效应,以虾夷马粪海胆(Strongylocentyotus internedius)为实验材料,研究了8种常见农药--草甘膦(Glyphosate)、百草枯(Paraquat)、异菌脲(Iprodione)、代森锰锌(Mancozeb)、三唑醇(Triadimenol)、霜霉威(Propamocarb)、百菌清(Chlorothalonil)和速克灵(Procymidone)对海胆胚胎各发育期(二细胞期、四细胞期、上浮囊胚期、原肠期、棱柱幼体期、四腕幼虫期)的半数效应浓度(EC50),并分析了正辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)与EC50的关系.结果显示:1)8种农药对海胆胚胎各发育期均具有一定的急性毒性,以四腕幼虫期为例,8种农药的EC50值分别为草甘膦(3.99mg·L-1)>百草枯(10.38mg·L-1)>代森锰锌(20.77mg·L-1)>速克灵(55.42mg·L-1)>霜霉威(56.09mg·L-1)>异菌脲(86.29mg·L-1)>三唑醇(273.20mg·L-1)>百菌清(647.38mg·L-1).2)LogP与EC50呈现一定的正相关性,即随着LogP的增加,各农药对海胆胚胎的抑制率逐渐降低.

Acute Toxicity of Eight Pesticides on the Development of Sea Urchin Embryos

Toxic effects of commonly used eight pesticides(Glyphosate,Paraquat,Iprodione,Mancozeb,Triadimenol,Propamocarb,Daconil and Sumilex)on the embryo development of the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus intermedius were evaluated in this work.Toxicity was quantified in terms of the EC50(median effective concentration)on the six early developmental stages of sea urchin embryo(2-cell,4-cell,blastula,gastrula,prism,and 4-arm pluteus).Then the concentration—response curves for each pesticide and the relationship between octanol/water partition coefficient(logP)and EC50 of each embryonic development stage were surveyed and analysed.Results showed that 1)all the eight pesticides had toxic effects on the whole embryo development,comparing the EC50 values of each pescide at the 4-arm pluteus stage,they were ranked in decreasing order of toxicity EC50 as follows:Glyphosate(3.99mg·L-1)>Paraquat(10.38mg·L-1)> Mancozeb(20.77mg·L-1)>Procymidone(55.42mg·L-1)>Propamocarb(56.09mg·L-1)>Iprodione(86.29mg·L-1)> Triadimenol(273.20mg·L-1)>Chlorothalonil(647.38mg·L-1).2)There was a positive correlation between the LogP and EC50 of each stage,i.e.as the value of logP increasing,the inhibition rate of the pesticides on the embryos decreased.