水体Hg~(2+)对中华绒螯蟹肝胰腺和血淋巴酶活性的影响

以中华绒螯蟹(Eriocheir sinensis)作为暴露生物,检测了水体Hg2+对中华绒螯蟹肝胰腺、血淋巴谷丙转氨酶(GPT)、谷草转氨酶(GOT)、碱性磷酸酶(AKP)和酸性磷酸酶(ACP)活性的影响。结果表明,肝胰腺中GPT和GOT活性随水体中Hg2+浓度(0.01～0.30mg·L-1)升高而降低;中华绒螯蟹血淋巴中GPT和GOT活性变化趋于分化,0～0.05mg·L-1暴露组,随Hg2+浓度升高血淋巴GPT活性迅速上升,0.10～0.30mg·L-1暴露组,随Hg2+浓度升高血淋巴GPT活性迅速下降;GOT活性随着水体Hg2+暴露浓度的升高则持续上升,表现出"剂量-效应"正相关;两种组织中AKP和ACP活性随暴露浓度的升高都表现出"低-高-低"的变化趋势,并且最高值均出现在0.05mg·L-1的Hg2+处理组。4种酶活性对水环境中Hg2+反应灵敏,可作为中华绒螯蟹毒理学评价指标以及重金属监测指标。

Effects of Hg~(2+) on Activities of Enzyme in Hepatopancreas and Haemolymph of Chinese Mitten Crab,Eriocheir sinensis

Toxic effects of mercury (Hg2+) on Chinese mitten were investigated by measuring glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT), glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), alkaline phosphatise (AKP) and acid phosphatise (ACP) activities in haemolymph and hepatopancreas. Results showed that 0.01-0.30 mg L-1 Hg2+ inhibited GPT and GOT activities in hepatopancreas. Raising the concentration of Hg2+ in the range of 0.01 and 0.05 mg L-1, GPT activities in haemolymph increased, while GPT activities decreased in 0.10-0.30 mg L-1 Hg2+. GOT activities in haemolymph increased with elevated Hg2+ concentrations, which appeared as a "dose-effect" positive correlation. With the concentration of Hg2+ increased, both GPT and GOT activities decreased at first and then decreased in hepatopancreas or in haemolymph of Eriocheir sinensis, and the highest value of these two enzymes activities appeared in 0.05 mg L-1 Hg2+ treated group. These four enzymes were sensitive to ambient Hg2+, which could be used as biomarkers to evaluate the toxicity of mercury or any other heavy metals contamination in water environment.