吡啶类离子液体对青海弧菌Q67的混合毒性评估

合污染物产生的累积与毒性相互作用具有潜在的环境与健康风险。以6种吡啶类离子液体(IL)：丁基溴化吡啶(Bpy]Br)、己基溴化吡啶(Hpy]Br)、辛基溴化吡啶(Opy]Br)、丁基氯化吡啶(Bpy]Cl)、己基氯化吡啶(Opy]Cl)和辛基氯化吡啶(Opy]Cl)为混合物组分，应用直接均分射线法(EquRay)和均匀设计射线法(UD-Ray)分别设计4组二元IL混合物和2组三元混合物，每组混合物包括5条具有不同浓度配比的混合物射线。应用微板毒性分析法测定6种IL及其30条混合物射线对青海弧菌Q67的发光抑制毒性，以浓度加和(CA)为加和参考模型分析混合物毒性相互作用。结果表明，Logit函数能有效地拟合6种吡啶IL及其30条混合物射线的浓度-效应数据。若以半数效应浓度的负对数(pEC₅₀)为毒性指标，6个吡啶IL对Q67的毒性与烷基链上碳原子数目正相关，且每增加2个碳原子，其毒性约增加1。IL的阴离子(Br^-或Cl^-)对毒性没有影响。除己基氯化吡啶(Hpy]Cl)和辛基氯化吡啶(Opy]Cl)的二元混合物呈现明显拮抗作用外，其他二元及三元混合物都为加和作用。

Evaluation on the Combined Toxicity of Pyridium-Based Ionic Liquids to Vibrio Qinghaiensis sp.-Q67

The cumulative toxicity and toxicity interaction of mixtures have potential hazards and risks to the environment and human health. Selecting six pyridium-based ionic liquids (ILs), 1-butyl pyridinium bromide, 1-hexyl pyridinium bromide, 1-octyl pyridinium bromide, 1-butyl pyridinium chloride, 1-hexyl pyridinium chloride, and 1-octyl pyridinium chloride as mixture components, we employed the direct equipartition ray design and uniform design ray methods to design four groups of binary mixtures and two groups of ternary ones, respectively. Every group of mixture contains five mixture rays with different concentration ratios. The toxicities of the six single ILs and 30 binary and ternary mixture rays to Vibrio qinghaiensis sp.-Q67 (Q67) were determined by using the microplate toxicity analysis, and the mixture toxicity interaction was identified by selecting the concentration addition (CA) as an additive reference model. It was shown that concentration -response curves (CRCs) of six ILs as well as 30 binary and ternary mixture rays can be effectively described by the Logit function. Selecting the negative logarithm of median effective concentration (pEC₅₀) as a toxicity index, the toxicity of six ILs to Q67 has a positive relationship with the length of alkyl chain in IL. Every two-carbon augment on the alkyl chain almost makes the toxicity (pEC₅₀) of IL increasing one. The anion, Br^- or Cl^- does not affect the toxicity of ILs on Q67. Except that the group of binary mixtures between 1-hexyl pyridinium chloride and 1-octyl pyridinium chlorides produced significant antagonism, the other five groups of binary and ternary mixtures display the concentration additive action.