含雄黄的中成药中砷的生物可给性及其初步风险评价

为研究含雄黄中成药中砷的含量状况,探明其中砷对人体的健康风险,选取含雄黄的中成药为研究对象,分析其中砷含量;通过人工胃肠体外模拟系统研究中成药中砷的生物可给性,并在此基础上进行初步的人体健康风险评价。结果显示,含雄黄中成药样品中砷全量为9.9×102～8.8×104mg·kg-1。中成药砷的生物可给性在胃阶段为0.20%～2.17%,小肠阶段为0.26%～2.43%。以WHO每日允许摄入量(ADI)为标准的健康风险评价结果表明,若以砷全量衡量,所有含雄黄中成药均对人体健康具有巨大风险;若以小肠阶段可给砷含量评价,砷日摄入量与ADI比值范围为1.48%～879.68%,约70%含雄黄的中成药的可给砷含量仍足以威胁人体健康。

Bioaccessibility and Preliminary Risk Assessment of Arsenic in Chinese Patent Medicines Containing Realgar

In order to investigate arsenic (As) contents in realgar-containing Chinese patent medicines (CPMs) and to evaluate its risk to human health, the contents of As in realgar-containing CPMs were determined. An in vitro system model-a gastrointestinal digestion test was used to assess the bioaccessibility of As in each CPM. Preliminary health risk assessment (HRA) of As in medicines was conducted according to acceptable daily intake (ADI) established by WHO. Results showed that As contents in realgar-containing CPMs ranged from 9.9×102 to 8.8×104 mg·kg-1. In CPMs, the bioaccessibilities of As ranged between 0.20% and 2.17% in stomach phase, and between 0.26% and 2.43% in intestine phase, respectively. All of the studied realgar-containing CPMs posed high risk to human health, if HRA was conducted on the basis of total As contents in CPMs. The ratio of As daily intake to ADI ranged from 1.48% to 879.68%. The contents of bioaccessible As in about 70% of realgar-containing CPMs were high enough to threaten human health if HRA was conducted on the basis of bioaccessible As contents in intestine phase.