2,2’,4,4’-四溴联苯醚对大型溞的毒性效应

以实验室培养的大型溞为受试生物,进行了2,2’,4,4’-四溴联苯醚(BDE-47)对大型溞的48h急性毒性实验和21d慢性毒性实验,并研究了暴露在不同质量浓度和处理时间的BDE-47中,大型溞的抗氧化酶系中的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和谷胱甘肽硫转移酶(GST)的酶活性变化。结果表明,BDE-47对大型溞的48h的半致死浓度为1.04mg·L-1,属于高毒物质;在BDE-47慢性毒性实验低浓度处理组中,大型溞的体长及繁殖能力受到了抑制,而高浓度处理组中大型溞的体长及繁殖能力上升,其中第一次产仔数和产卵总数是表征BDE-47慢性毒性的最灵敏参数。随着BDE-47浓度的增加,大型溞SOD和GST活性均呈现出低浓度诱导高浓度抑制的现象。SOD和GST均表现出一定的敏感性,但相对SOD,GST对BDE-47暴露更为敏感。

Toxic Effects of 2,2', 4,4'-Tetrabromodiphenyl Ether on Daphnia magna

The acute (48 h) and chronic (21 day) toxic tests of BDE-47 were done using Daphnia magna as test organism, and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) of Daphnia magna exposed to BDE-47 with different concentrations and various exposure times were measured. Results showed that BDE-47 was high-toxic to D. magna for which the 48 h LC₅₀ was 1.04 mg·L^-1. In the chronic test, it was indicated that the body length and fecundity of D. magna were inhibited at the low concentration treated groups, however, they were promoted at high concentration groups. The litter size in the first time and the total number of eggs laid were the most sensitive parameters for the chronic exposure of BDE-47. With the exposure concentration of BDE-47 increased, the activities of SOD and GST were induced initially and inhibited afterwards. Both SOD and GST exhibited sensibility to some extent. GST was more sensitive than SOD to BDE-47.