纹缟虾虎鱼对Cu~(2+)、Cd~(2+)和氨氮的毒性响应和敏感性分析

以纹缟虾虎鱼为受试生物,分别进行了Cu~(2+)、Cd~(2+)和氨氮为环境因子的急性毒性实验和氨氮慢性暴露实验,结合文献数据分析纹缟虾虎鱼对3种污染物的敏感性。结果表明,Cu~(2+)、Cd~(2+)和氨氮对纹缟虾虎鱼的EC50分别为4.527、40.408和63.182mg·L~(-1)。组织切片结果显示,氨氮暴露能够引起纹缟虾虎鱼肝组织结构退化,组织细胞畸变,其损伤程度随着氨氮浓度的升高而加剧。氨氮暴露对肠管未见明显影响。敏感性分析结果表明,纹缟虾虎鱼对Cu~(2+)、Cd~(2+)和氨氮的累积概率分别为83.33%、96.27%和90.48%,均表现为不敏感。在Cu~(2+)、Cd~(2+)和氨氮对海洋生物的敏感性排名中,纹缟虾虎鱼分别在第31/35、32/32和19/20位。在8~12种海洋鱼类中,纹缟虾虎鱼对上述3种污染物的敏感性都处在较低水平。

Toxic Response and Sensitivity of Tridentiger trigonocephalus to Cu2+, Cd2+ and Ammonia Nitrogen

The toxic response and sensitivity of Tridentiger trigonocephalus to Cu, Cd and ammonia nitrogen were evaluated by 96 h acute and 24 d chronic toxicity test. Results showed that the 96 h-EC₅₀ of Cu, Cd and ammonia nitrogen was 4.527, 40.408 and 63.182 mg?L^-1 respectively. Histological observation showed ammonia nitrogen could lead to degradation of liver structure, and the distortion and damage in liver cells was aggravated with the increase in the concentration of ammonia nitrogen. The ammonia nitrogen had no significant effect on intestinal canal. The sensitivity analysis revealed that the cumulative probability of T. trigonocephalus to Cu, Cd and ammonia nitrogen was 83.33%, 96.27% and 90.48% respectively. All of these were presented as insensitivity. In the ranking of the marine organism sensitivity to Cu, Cd and ammonia nitrogen, T. trigonocephalus was ranked in 31/35, 32/32 and 19/20 respectively. Among 8 -12 marine fish species whose data were available, T. trigonocephalus has the strongest tolerance to the three kinds of pollutants.