中国5种土壤跳虫对重金属镍的毒性响应

为了研究镍(Ni~(2+))对不同种类跳虫的毒性效应,将曲毛裸长(Sinella curviseta)、四刺泡角(Ceratophysella duplicispinosa)、小原等节(Proisotoma minuta)、茉莉花长角(Entomobrya sp.)、符氏直棘(Orthonychiurus folsomi)5种中国优势跳虫物种,在琼脂培养基环境下分别暴露于Ni~(2+)的8个浓度组中进行24 h、72 h-LC_(50)急性毒性试验和28 d生存试验。利用Bliss法测得其5种跳虫的24 h-LC_(50)分别为52.99、35.91、33.46、23.72、13.50 g·L~(-1);72 h-LC_(50)为46.25、4.54、13.37、14.79、4.35 g·L~(-1)。在28d生存试验中得到成虫存活数量和繁殖情况。结果表明,5种跳虫中曲毛裸长对镍有较强的耐受性,茉莉花长角和小原等节次之,四刺泡角和符氏直棘较弱。符氏直棘与四刺泡角相比,随时间增加对镍的耐受性有相对增强的趋势。此外,Ni~(2+)对跳虫的毒性影响表现出阶段性的阈值效应。Ni~(2+)对5种跳虫的繁殖均有抑制作用。

Toxicicity Responses of Five Species of Chinese Soil Collembola to Ni2+

To study the toxic effects of nickel salt (Ni2+) on diverse species of Collembola,five Chinese dominant species of collembolans,Sinella curviseta,Ceratophysella duplicispinosa,Proisotoma minuta,Entomobrya sp.and Orthonychiurus folsomi were exposed to agar media with eight concentrations of Ni2+ for 24 h,72 h-LC50 measurements respectively.The LCs0 values for S.curviseta,C.duplicispinosa,P.minuta,Entomobrya sp.and O.folsomi were tested and calculated with Bliss method.The results for 24 h-LC50 were 52.99,35.91,33.46,23.72 and 13.50g·L-1,while the corresponding 72 h-LC50 values were 46.25,4.54,13.37,14.79,and 4.35 g·L-1.We also exposed the five species of collembolans to eight concentrations of Ni2+ for 28 d survival experiment.In conclusion,S.curviseta shows the highest tolerance against Ni2+,followed by Entomobrya sp.and P.minuta,while C.duplicispinosa and O.folsomi rank last.Compared with Ceratophysella duplicispinosa,Orthonychiurus folsomi exhibited a tendency of enhancing its resistance against Ni2+over time.Furthermore,for each species,Ni2+ only exhibits toxicity with in a specific range of concentration.Lastly,Ni2+ inhibits the reproduction of all five species.