构建土壤生态筛选基准的技术关键及方法学概述

土壤生态筛选基准是指为了对陆地生物及关键的土壤生态功能提供适当保护而制定的土壤中污染物的浓度限值,污染物浓度超过此值,需对土壤采取进一步的风险评价行动或污染控制措施.论文综述了当前国际上土壤生态筛选基准的发展现状,系统阐述了制定土壤生态筛选基准的方法学及4个基本步骤:数据收集、适用数据的选择、基于效应的数据外推与阈值估算和筛选值的最终确立,并对构建适于我国使用的土壤生态筛选基准时可能会遇到的关键问题进行了讨论.

A Synoptic Review of the Technical Tips and Methodologies for the Development of Ecological Soil Screening Benchmarks

Ecological soil screening benchmarks are concentrations of contaminants in soil, which if exceeded may trigger further risk assessment or environmental management. This paper reviews the progress of ecological soil screening benchmarks with a particular emphasis on the methodologies and technical tips for the development of risk-based ecological soil screening benchmarks. The basic step-wise process for developing soil screening benchmarks includes gathering data, selecting a subset of suitable data, estimating effects-based threshold, and determining final screening values. Currently, there are three main extrapolation methods, the distribution-based method, the assessment factor method and the equilibrium partitioning method. Critical issues for developing ecological soil screening benchmarks in China are proposed and discussed.