双酚S和双酚F在水环境中的分布、毒理效应及其生态风险研究进展

双酚S(BPS)和双酚F(BPF)作为双酚A(BPA)的替代品在工业中被广泛使用。近年来BPS和BPF在水环境中不断检出,因其难降解、易蓄积,可能会对水生态系统和人体健康造成不利影响。因此对BPS和BPF在水、沉积物等水环境介质中污染状况进行综述,发现BPS和BPF的含量有日益升高的趋势,甚至在某些水体中的浓度超过BPA。然后,从急性毒性、内分泌干扰效应、发育毒性等3个方面,阐述了它们对水生生物产生的毒理效应。并且基于水环境介质中的检出浓度和实验室毒理数据,对水体和沉积物中BPS和BPF的生态风险进行评估,发现沉积物中的风险要高于水体。最后对目前研究局限以及未来的研究方向进行了探讨和展望。

A Review of the Occurrence, Toxicology and Ecological Risk Assessment of Bisphenol S and F in Aquatic Environment

Bisphenol S (BPS) and bisphenol F (BPF) have been produced as substitutes for BPA in industrial applications. Recently, the concentrations of BPS and BPF have increased in the aquatic environmental systems, which may threaten the ecosystem as well as human health due to their low degradability and high bioaccumulation potentials. Thus, environmental pollution of BPS and BPF was analyzed firstly on the basis of their pollution levels in water, sediment and so on. The concentrations of BPS and BPF were found to be increasing and were even more than the concentration of BPA in some waters. Secondly, their toxicological effects on the aquatic organisms were summarized in three aspects as acute toxicity, endocrine disruption and developmental toxicity. Furthermore, the ecological risks of BPS and BPF were evaluated based on laboratory toxicological data and their concentrations in the aquatic environment. Finally, research gaps and perspectives that warrant further investigations were discussed.