离子液体的水生生态毒理及其毒性影响因素研究进展

离子液体具有极低挥发性等良好理化性质而被公认为是传统有机溶剂的替代品,然而其较强的水溶性对水环境造成的潜在威胁受到关注。本文归纳总结了国内外有关不同类型离子液体对不同营养级水生生物个体、组织器官、细胞、酶等的毒性影响,并对碳链长度、阴阳离子以及环境因子等毒性影响因素的最新研究进展进行了综述,为设计绿色离子液体及合理控制管理水环境提供参考。

Aquatic Ecotoxicology of Ionic Liquids and the Factors Affecting the Toxicity: A Review

Ionic liquids (ILs), which have good physical and chemical properties such as low volatility, have been recognized as an attractive solvent alternative to organic solvents. Along with the widespread use, ILs gained great attention as their potential threat to the aquatic environment due to their strong solubility. The latest researches regarding the toxic effects of ILs on aquatic organisms within different trophic levels, organs and tissues, cell and enzyme have been concluded in the present paper. Besides, the factors affecting the toxicity of ILs such as carbon chain length, the type of cations and anions, and environmental factors have also been summarized. This paper will help to develop an understanding of the biologically mediated environmental processes of ILs in aquatic environment, providing reference on designing green ILs and management of aquatic environment.