不同微藻对典型行业废水急性毒性响应的敏感性研究

研究考察了不同行业废水对4种微藻24 h和72 h的急性毒性效应。以斜生栅藻(Scenedesmus obliquus)、蛋白核小球藻(Chlorella pyrenoidosa)、海水小球藻(Chlorella spp.)以及等鞭金藻(Isochrysis galbana)为指示生物,采用COD浓度较高的焦化厂实际生产废水和制药厂实际生产废水、COD浓度较低的印染厂生化处理后出水和城市污水处理厂进出水作为受试水体,以微藻的生长抑制率为测试指标,评价微藻对不同行业废水的急性毒性效应和敏感性。结果表明,不同行业废水对4种微藻的急性毒性效应有所不同:焦化废水对等鞭金藻的生长抑制作用最强,制药废水对斜生栅藻的毒性效应最为明显,印染废水及城市污水处理厂的进出水对海水小球藻的毒性较为显著,说明不同微藻对不同行业废水毒性的敏感性存在差异。上述研究结果为废水毒性评价中受试物种的选择提供了基础数据。

Comparative Study on Acute Toxic Effect Response of Four Microalgae to Typical Industrial Wastewaters

To evaluate the sensitivity of varied microalgae to typical wastewater, acute toxicity tests with four species of microalgae-Scenedesmus obliquus, Chlorella pyrenoidosa, Chlorella spp. and Isochrysis galbana were investigated using the algal growth inhibition test during 24 h and 72 h. Coking wastewater and pharmaceutical wastewater were used as the representative ones with high concentration of COD, while dying wastewater and municipal wastewater as the ones with low concentration of COD in this study. The results revealed that Isochrysis galbana expressed the highest growth inhibition in coking wastewater, while Scenedesmus obliquus in the pharmaceutical wastewater, and Chlorella spp. in both dying wastewater and municipal wastewater. It can be seen that there are differences in sensitivity to the toxicity of different wastewaters among these four microalgae. It aids to the choice of test aquatic organisms in the toxicity evaluation of wastewater.