珠江流域野生淡水鱼中有机紫外线吸收剂的组织分布、生长稀释和物种特异性生物蓄积

以华南珠江流域9种野生淡水鱼为材料，本文研究了12种有机紫外线吸收剂（UVA）的组织分布、个体体型依赖性和物种特异性生物蓄积。鱼组织样品中12种UVA的浓度为109～2320 ng/g脂质重量（lw）。在超过一半的鱼组织样本中检测到2-羟基-4-甲氧基二苯甲酮（BP-3）、八甲基丙烯（OCR）、UV531和5种苯并三唑类紫外线稳定剂（UVP、UV329、UV234、UV328和UV327）。UV531在野生淡水鱼体内具有明显的生物蓄积潜力，其生物蓄积因子（Log BAF）和生物沉积物蓄积因子（BSAF）分别为4.54±0.55和4.88±6.78。一般来说，肝脏（989±464 ng/g lw）的UVA含量最高，其次是腹部脂肪（599±318 ng/g lw）、膀胱（494±282 ng/g lw）、背肌（470±240 ng/g lw）和卵（442±238 ng/g lw）。淡水野生鱼体内UVA的生物积累表现出物种特异性和化合物依赖性。摄食杂食性鱼类的底栖食碎屑者含有明显较高的UVA浓度，表明摄食碎屑/沉积物是野生淡水鱼暴露于UVA的重要途径。UV531和BP-3表现出生长稀释的潜力。代谢可能在消除鱼组织中的UVA方面发挥重要作用，其中肝脏的代谢率最高。在珠江流域的淡水生态系统中，UVA没有显示出明显的营养级放大作用。有必要进行更多的研究来阐明UVA在生物体内的母体转移。

Tissue distribution, growth dilution and species-specific bioaccumulation of organic ultraviolet absorbents in wildlife freshwater fish in the Pearl River catchment, China

Tissue distributions, body-size dependent and species-specific bioaccumulation of 12 organic ultraviolet absorbents (UVAs) were investigated in 9 species of wildlife freshwater fish from the Pearl River (PR) catchment, South China. The concentration of 12 UVAs summed from 109 to 2320 ng/g lipid weight (lw) in the fish tissue samples. 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone (BP-3), octocrylene (OCR), UV531, and 5 benzotriazole UV stabilizers (UVP, UV329, UV234, UV328, and UV327) were detected in more than half of the fish tissue samples. UV531 showed obvious potential of bioaccumulation in the wild freshwater fish with an estimated bioaccumulation factor (LogBAF) and a bio-sediment accumulation factor (BSAF) of 4.54 ± 0.55 and 4.88 ± 6.78, respectively. Generally, liver (989±464 ng/g lw) contained the highest level of the UVAs, followed in decreasing order by belly fat (599±318 ng/g lw), swimming bladder (494±282 ng/g lw), dorsal muscle (470±240 ng/g lw), and egg (442±238 ng/g lw). The UVAs bioaccumulation in the freshwater wild fish showed species-specific and compound - dependent. Bottom-dwelling detritus ingesting omnivorous fish contained obviously higher UVA concentrations, suggesting detritus/sediment ingestion a significant pathway for exposure of the wild freshwater fish to the UVAs. UV531 and BP-3 demonstrated potential of growth dilution. Metabolism might play a significant role in elimination of the UVAs in the fish tissues, with the highest rate of metabolism in liver. The UVAs did not demonstrate obviously trophic magnification in the freshwater ecosystem of the PR catchment. More research is warranted to elucidate maternal transfer of the UVAs in organisms.