离子液体与有机磷农药间的毒性相互作用

"绿色"溶剂离子液体(ILs)与其他污染物之间的毒性相互作用已有报道,但相关数据仍较为缺乏。以7种具有不同阴阳离子组成的ILs:溴化丁基吡啶(IL1)、氯化丁基-2,3-二甲基咪唑(IL2)、丁基-3-甲基咪唑翁磷酸盐(IL3)、丁基-3-甲基咪唑正辛基硫酸(IL4)、丁基-2,3-二甲基咪唑二乙二醇单甲醚硫酸盐(IL5)、辛基-3-甲基咪唑二乙基醚单甲磺硫酸(IL6)和氯化己基-3-甲基咪唑(IL7),与5种有机磷农药(OPs):敌敌畏(DIC)、乐果(DIM)、草甘膦(GLY)、久效磷(MON)和磷胺(PHO),作为混合物组分,以等效应浓度比射线法设计7种ILs分别与5种OPs等EC_(50)配比的35组二元混合物,应用微板毒性分析法(MTA)测定这些混合物对青海弧菌Q67的毒性,以浓度加和(CA)和独立作用(IA)为参考模型分析毒性相互作用。结果表明,不同的IL-OP混合物呈现的作用类型不同:如IL1-DIM、IL2-DIM、IL3-DIM、IL6-DIM、IL2-MON和IL7-DIM的混合物呈明显的拮抗作用;IL3-DIC和IL2-GLY的混合物呈明显的协同作用;IL5-DIM和IL4-MON的混合物在较高浓度区呈拮抗作用;而IL3-GLY和IL6-DIC的混合物在较高浓度区呈协同作用;其余的混合物则为加和作用。

Toxicity Interaction between Ionic Liquids and Organophosphate Pesticides

Few researches were done on the toxicity interaction between some "green solvents" ionic liquids and other pollutants.Seven ionic liquids（ILs） composed with different cations and anions,and five organophosphate pesticides（OPs） were selected as the mixture components.Seven ILs included 1-butylpyridinium bromide（IL1）,1-butyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium chloride（IL2）,1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium phosphate（IL3）,1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium octylsulfate（IL4）,1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium diethylene glycol monomethyl ether sulfate（IL5）,1-methyl-3-octylimidazolium 2-（2-methoxyethoxy）ethyl sulfate（IL6）,and 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium chlorid（IL7）;five OPs included dichlorvos（DIC）,dimethoate（DIM）,glyphosate（GLY）,monocrothophos（MON） and phosphamidon（PHO）.35 groups of IL-OP binary mixtures with an equivalent EC₅₀ ratio were designed by using equivalent effect concentration ratio（EECR） method.The toxicities of binary mixtures to Vibrio Qinghaiensis sp.-Q67（Q67） were determined by using the microplate toxicity analysis（MTA） method.The concentration addition（CA） and independent action（IA） models were applied as additive reference models to analyze toxicity interaction in IL-OP mixtures.Results showed that different IL-OP binary mixtures exhibited different interaction types:IL1-DIM,IL2-DIM,IL3-DIM,IL6-DIM,IL2-MON and IL7-DIM mixtures had obvious antagonistic effects;IL3-DIC and IL2-GLY mixtures exhibited clear synergistic effects;IL5-DIM and IL4-MON mixtures displayed antagonistic effects at the relatively high concentration regions;IL3-GLY and IL6-DIC mixtures exhibited synergistic effects at the relatively high concentration regions;the remaining mixtures presented additive effects.