长三角地区池塘养殖水产品体内农药类污染与食用风险评价

为了解池塘养殖水产品体内的农药污染情况,以便为水产品质量评价及保障当地居民的饮食健康提供科学依据,本研究采用气相色谱质谱联用法(GC-MS)对长三角地区13个养殖池塘中5类(蟹类、鳖类、蚌类、虾类、鱼类)水产品体内9种有机磷农药(OPPs)、8种有机氯农药(OCPs)以及4种拟除虫菊酯类农药(SPs)进行了检测,并初步分析了其污染来源。结果表明,水产品体内3类农药均有检出,但残留水平均不高,OPPs残留总量为未检出至299 ng·g-1(dw),三唑磷、伏杀硫磷、喹硫磷和毒死蜱较易在水产品体内蓄积;OCPs残留总量为16~82 ng·g-1(dw),主要污染物为六六六(HCHs),主要来自历史残留;SPs残留总量为44~89 ng·g-1(dw),主要污染物为高效氯氟氰菊酯。水产品体内的农药污染可能与养殖池塘中的沉积物污染密切相关。5类水产品体内3类农药的总风险指数(HI)为0.0020~0.046,远小于1,因此,长三角地区由3类农药造成的健康风险处于安全水平。

Assessing Pesticide Residues in Pond Aquaculture Products in Yangtze River Delta and the Health Hazard for Human Consumption

This study aimed to understand pesticide contamination in pond aquaculture products so as to provide scientific basis for evaluating the quality of the products and the health hazard for local-resident consumption. Nine organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs), eight organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and four pyrethroid insecticides (SPs) in five kinds of the products (i.e. crab, turtle, mussel, shrimp and fish) from 13 aquaculture ponds in Yangtze River Delta were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Three kinds of pesticides were detected in aquaculture products but at low levels. The amount of total OPPs ranged from undetected to 299 ng g^-1 (dw), with triazophos, phosalone, quinalphos and chlorpyrifos most frequently detected in aquatic products. The residues of OCPs ranged from 16~82 ng g^-1 (dw), and the most frequently detected compound was HCHs mainly due to the historical use. The amount of total SPs was 44-89 ng g^-1 (dw) and lambda-cyhalothrin had the highest concentration. The pesticide residues in the aquaculture products might be closely related to those in the sediment of the ponds. The total Health Hazard Indexes (HI) of the three types of pesticides in the five types of aquatic products ranged from 0.0020 to 0.046, being much less than 1. Therefore, our results suggested that the health hazard of consuming aquatic products in Yangtze River Delta region caused by the analyzed three types of pesticides was at a safe level.