全氟辛烷磺酸盐(PFOS)替代品对中华蜜蜂的毒性

选用中国蜂种中华蜜蜂工蜂作为受试生物,建立其环境危害评价毒性测试方法,用所建立的方法对全氟辛烷磺酸盐(PFOS)替代品进行了接触急性毒性及经口急性毒性风险评价,并比较了"小烧杯法"和"饲喂管法"两种经口毒性方法的优缺点及对毒性结果的影响。研究结果表明,"小烧杯法"实验中C4织物三防整理剂对中华蜜蜂的24h-LC50为1435mg·L~(-1),48h-LC_(50)为284.67mg·L~(-1);其余替代品在限度实验均未出现蜜蜂死亡,4种PFOS替代品对中华蜜蜂的接触毒性及经口毒性均为低毒,但"小烧杯法"测得的经口毒性结果比"饲喂管法"高。

Toxicity of Alternatives of Perfluorooctane Sulfonate (PFOS) on Apis cerana cerana

Apis cerana cerana were exposed to four alternative chemicals of PFOS to test the acute toxicity of these chemicals. Toxicity-evaluation methods of Apis cerana cerana to chemicals were built. Two methods of "small breaker" and "feeding tube" were used to measure the oral toxicity. The relative merits and the effects of two methods were compared. The results suggested that 24 h-LC₅₀ and 48 h-LC₅₀values of C4 fabric three finishing agent to Apis cerana cerana of "small breaker" were 1435 and 284.67 mg·L^-1, respectively. No deaths of bee happened in the limited test of other three chemicals. The contact toxicity and the oral toxicity throughout two methods showed that four chemicals were all low toxic. While the oral toxicity throughout "small breaker" was higher than that of "feeding tube".