人血淋巴细胞检测浊漳河地表水的遗传毒性

为评价浊漳河水体中有机污染物的致突变性,采用单细胞凝胶电泳(SCGE)技术,研究了浊漳河水体3个不同样点的有机提取物对人外周血淋巴细胞DNA损伤效应。结果显示,各水样中的有机提取物均能引起DNA损伤,且随剂量的增高,有机物对DNA的损伤加重;细胞DNA损伤与对照组相比均有显著性差异(p<0.01)。这表明人外周血淋巴细胞对水体有机污染物的毒作用非常敏感。细胞彗星尾部DNA含量(%DNAT)和染毒剂量呈极显著正相关(R2>0.8547,p<0.01)。以上结果表明,浊漳河水体受到一定程度的有机物污染,这些有机污染物可诱导淋巴细胞DNA损伤,具有遗传毒性。SCGE技术作为一种简便、快速和灵敏的检测方法在水环境遗传毒性监测方面具有较大的应用价值。

Genotoxicity of Surface Water in Zhuozhang River Using Human Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes

To evaluate the mutagenicity of organic pollutants in Zhuozhang River in Changzhi City, the comet assay was conducted to detect the genotoxic effects of the organic extracts of three typical sample sites on DNA of human peripheral blood lymphocytes. The results showed that these organic extracts could damage DNA. The damage intensity of treated groups increased gradually with respect to the increasing of the dose of water samples. DNA damages of the three tested groups were significantly different from that of control group (P<0.01). The results indicate that human peripheral blood lymphocytes were sensitive to organic pollutants in the Zhuozhang River. The mean percentages of DNA in tail (%DNAT) were found to be significantly positively correlated to the amounts of organic extracts (R₂>0.8547, P<0.01). Results demonstrate that Zhuozhang River was polluted by organic compounds. Moreover, these organic compounds had genotoxicity to induce the chromosome damage of human peripheral blood lymphocytes. The comet assay as a simple, fast and sensitive method has a great value in monitoring the genotoxicity of pollution in water.