气态甲醛对卡氏毛园蛛细胞遗传毒性的研究

为了研究气态甲醛对蜘蛛的遗传毒性,采用单细胞凝胶电泳实验及KCl-SDS沉淀法检测了卡氏毛园蛛(Eriovixia cavaleriei)暴露于气态甲醛(0、0.5、1.0、3.0mg·m-3)后的细胞DNA分子断裂、DNA-DNA交联、DNA-蛋白质交联状况,并以甲醛的水溶性实验为基础,总结了甲醛对不同动物细胞的遗传毒性.结果显示,中、低浓度甲醛(0.5、1.0mg·m-3)可引起卡氏毛园蛛细胞DNA链断裂,高浓度甲醛(3.0mg·m-3)除引起DNA链断裂外,还可诱导核内交联物的形成;随着甲醛染毒浓度的升高,DNA的损伤程度逐渐加重,显示出一定的剂量-效应关系.通过总结甲醛对不同动物的遗传毒性发现,随着甲醛浓度的升高(5～625μmol·L-1,生理盐水溶液),动物细胞DNA损伤基本表现为由DNA链断裂(DSB)→DNA-DNA交联(DDC)→DNA-蛋白质交联(DPC)的过渡;甲醛所致的DNA损伤在不同动物细胞中也存在差异,反映了不同动物细胞对甲醛的敏感性不同。

Genotoxicity of Gaseous Formaldehyde on the Spider Eriovixia cavaleriei

To study the genotoxicity of gaseous formaldehyde(FA)on spiders,single cell gel electrophoresis(SCGE)and KCl-SDS assay were applied to detect DNA strand breaks(DSB),DNA-DNA crosslinks(DDC)and DNA-protein crosslinks(DPC) after Eriovixia cavaleriei were exposed to gaseous FA(0,0.5,1.0,3.0mg·m-3) for 1h.In addition,the genotoxicities of FA on different animal cells were compared based on the associated studies.Results showed that low-and medium-concentration FA(0.5、1.0mg·m-3) could induce DSB in spider cells,and high-concentration FA(3.0mg·m-3)could induce DPC besides DSB.With the increase of FA concentrations,the DNA damage increased gradually,indicating a does-effect relationship.Through comparison of the genotoxicities of FA on different animals,it was found that with the increase of FA concentrations(5～625μmol·L-1,normal saline solution),DNA damages in animal cells were showed basically as DSB→DDC→DPC;meanwhile DNA damages induced by FA were different in different animal cells,which indicated the different sensitivity of different animal cells towards FA.