基于土壤模式生物的纳米材料毒理研究进展

随着纳米科技与工业的高速发展,大量的纳米材料被广泛应用并最终汇聚到土壤环境中,对土壤生态和人体健康造成潜在影响。由于土壤生物具有多样性,选择具有代表性、敏感性并便于获取的土壤模式生物作为实验受体进行纳米材料的生物安全评估及环境毒理效应研究尤为重要。较为系统地回顾和总结了几种典型土壤模式生物的特点,为纳米材料毒理研究中受试生物的选择提供参考,在此基础上整理了大量基于典型土壤模式生物的纳米材料毒性研究资料,归纳了不同层次的研究方法,分析探索了纳米材料毒性机理,并展望了未来的研究重点。

Review on Toxicology of Nanomaterials Based on Soil Model Organisms

With the rapid development of nanotechnology and industry, a large number of nanomaterials are widely used and eventually accumulated into the soil environment, which have become a potential threat to the stability and functions of soil ecosystems and human health. In biosecurity and environmental toxicological assessment of nanomaterials, the effects of soil biodiversity should be taken into consideration, and it is particularly important to select the representative, sensitive and easily available model organisms as the experimental receptor. In order to provide references for the seletion of tested organisms in toxicological researches of nanomaterials, the characteristics of several typical soil model organisms were systematically reviewed and summarized. Besides, the different levels of research methods were summed up according to previous researches on toxicity of nanomaterials based on model organisms. Meanwhile, its toxicity mechanism was explored and analyzed. The potential research focus was further prospected finally.