基于斑马鱼的水生生态毒理学实验教学体系的构建

在我国现有的生态毒理学教学体系中,相对于理论教学,其实验教学体系的构建和实践相对滞后,阻碍了相关领域的人才培养。斑马鱼是国际上广受瞩目的小型模式鱼,本文在目前已成功开发并应用于科研的一系列斑马鱼毒性测试策略和方法的基础上,初步构建较为完整的水生生态毒理学实验内容和案例。虽然仅基于斑马鱼这一实验物种,但包括了致死效应、致畸效应、神经毒性、内分泌干扰效应、免疫毒性、遗传毒性等,涵盖不同生物学层面的多个毒理学终点,有助于充分训练学生的实验技能,巩固所学的理论知识。此外,在学生初步掌握上述实验手段的基础上,设置综合性或者设计性实验,可进一步培养学生的创造性思维和科研能力。本文对于现有的生态毒理学实验教学有一定的参考和借鉴意义。

Establishment of Experimental Teaching System Based on the Zebrafish in Aquatic Ecotoxicology

Up to now, the establishment and practice of experimental teaching system in the ecotoxicology is lag-ging behind when compared with the theoretical teaching. Over the past two decades, zebrafish has been recognized as a primary small model fish for ecotoxicology. Therefore, based on the current toxicity testing strategy and meth-od in zebrafish, the aim of this paper is to preliminarily establish an experimental teaching system in the aquatic ec-otoxicology. The contents include a set of tests on the lethal effect, teratogenic effect, neurotoxicity, endocrine dis-rupting effect, immunotoxicity, and genotoxicity, which covers multiple endpoints in different biological levels. This system will be helpful to the students for the practice of experimental skill, and the consolidation of theoretical knowledge. Moreover, the comprehensive and designed experiments are recommended in order to develop the abili-ty of creative thinking and scientific research. This paper can provide some references for the reform of current experimental teaching system in ecotoxicology.