不同浓度的五氯酚对斑马鱼运动行为的影响

由于突发性水源污染频发，建立一种实时的风险监测评估系统十分迫切。本研究通过在线生物监测仪实时记录斑马鱼在五氯酚(PCP)中暴露前后的3D行为响应数据，分别从运动轨迹、游动速度(中值)、浮出水面频率及熵值4个指标分析斑马鱼的行为响应。结果表明：与对照组相比，暴露于低浓度(0.25、0.5 mg·L^-1)的PCP中的斑马鱼，其游动速度(中值)和熵值呈递减趋势，但趋势不明显，其浮出水面频率有不同程度的增加；而暴露于较高浓度(1.0、2.0 mg·L^-1)的PCP中的斑马鱼，其游动速度(中值)、浮出水面频率、熵值约有10 min的急速升高之后降低；暴露于高浓度(4.0 mg·L^-1)的PCP中的斑马鱼，所有指标均呈明显下降趋势。这表明斑马鱼的毒性行为响应随PCP的浓度变化而变化，所以可以通过监测鱼类的行为变化来反映水体的污染状况。因此，鱼类行为学研究在高浓度突发性水源污染的实时监测方面具有一定的应用前景。

Concentration-Dependent Effect of PCP on Swimming Behavior of Zebrafish

Chemical pollution incidents happened frequently in recent years, so it is becoming necessary to establish a real-time monitoring system. The behavioral responses of zebrafish exposed to PCP were monitored by on-line biological monitoring system (here named 3D-biomonitor). The 3D behavior data of zebrafish was recorded and analyzed, where movement trace, swimming speed (median), surface behavior frequency and entropy were highlighted. In comparison with the control test, it can be seen that the surface behavior frequency of zebrafish tended to increase, while the swimming speed and entropy value tended to decrease, after exposed to low concentrations (0.25 mg·L^-1, 0.5 mg·L^-1) of PCP, although the decrement was not obvious. After exposed to the moderate concentrations (1.0 mg·L^-1, 2.0 mg·L^-1) of PCP, all of the three indicators (the swimming speed, surface behavior frequency and entropy value) decreased after dramatically increasing for about 10 min. When zebrafish was exposed to the highest test concentration of PCP (4.0 mg·L^-1), all of the indicators decreased with the exposure time increasing. In general, the behavioral responses of zebrafish were dependent on PCP exposure concentrations, and the toxic effect of PCP on the swimming behavior of zebrafish can be monitored by 3D-biomonitor. It can be expected that fish ethology would be a promising method for monitoring the water pollution accident.