乙酸铜对银鲳幼鱼急性毒性及抗氧化酶活性的影响

为评价乙酸铜对银鲳的安全性及毒性效应,采用静水急性暴露实验,研究了8个乙酸铜浓度梯度(0、0.150、0.206、0.282、0.387、0.531、0.729、1.00 mg·L~(-1))对银鲳幼鱼的急性毒性,以肝脏和鳃组织的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、谷胱甘肽过氧化酶(GSH—PX)以及谷胱甘肽巯基转移酶(GST)活性为指标研究乙酸铜对银鲳幼鱼的毒理作用,并进行安全评价。结果表明,高浓度乙酸铜会对银鲳幼鱼产生了较大的毒性,48 h和96 h-LC_(50)分别为0.898 mg·L~(-1)、0.264 mg·L~(-1),安全质量浓度为0.026 mg·L~(-1);不同浓度乙酸铜胁迫下银鲳幼鱼组织中的SOD、CAT、GSH-PX和GST活性均表现为低浓度被诱导而高浓度受抑制的规律,与乙酸铜浓度呈抛物线型剂量效应关系,此外,肝脏中4种抗氧化酶活性普遍高于鳃组织。研究发现,乙酸铜胁迫对抗氧化酶的影响,可以反映银鲳幼鱼机体的受损状况,其中SOD可较灵敏地指示早期低浓度的铜污染。

Acute Toxicity of Copper Acetate and Its Effects on Antioxidant Enzyme Activity of Pampus argenteus

Copper acetate is a common fisheries drug which can be used for the control of parasitic diseases of fish. In order to evaluate the toxic effects and the safety of copper acetate on Pampus argenteus, an acute exposure experiment of copper acetate on Pargenteus argenteus was carried out by a static biological test method. According to the results of preliminary experiments, we set eight concentration gradients (0, 0.150, 0.206, 0.282, 0.387, 0.531, 0.729 and 1.00 mg?L^-1) of acute exposure experiment. The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) in liver and gill served as the indicators to study toxicological effects of copper acetate on P. argenteus. The results showed that the LC₅₀ of copper acetate in 48 h and 96 h were 0.898 mg?L^-1 and 0.264 mg?L^-1, respectively. The safe concentration of copper acetate for juvenile P. argenteus was 0.026 mg?L^-1. Activities of SOD, CAT, GSH-PX and GST were induced at the low concentration of cooper acetate, whereas were inhibited at the high concentration. In addition, the activities of four antioxidant enzymes in liver was higher than that of gill. The changes of the antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD, CAT, GSH-PX, GST) could reflect the damage degree of P. argenteus by copper acetate stress, and the SOD activity can indicate low concentration copper pollution in the early stage.