典型电子废物集中处置场地及其周边土壤中多溴联苯的污染特征

采用快速溶剂萃取-凝胶净化-气相色谱质谱法（GC-MS）测定了浙江省台州市某典型电子废物集中处置场地及周边土壤中多溴联苯（polybrominatebiphenyls，PBBs）浓度，研究了10种PBBs（PBB-3、PBB-15、PBB-18、PBB-52、PBB-101、PBB-153、PBB-180、PBB-194、PBB～206和PBB-209）的浓度水平、组成特征和垂直分布规律。结果表明，处置场地及周边临近区域的PBBs污染程度相近，10种PBBs含量平均值分别为2．81×10^-3和2，50×10-1mg·kg-1，污染程度较轻，主要污染物为使用相对较多的PBB-153、PBB-194、PBB-206和PBB-209。PBBs含量的垂直分布规律表现为在〉40～60、0～20、〉20—40和〉60—80cm土层依次降低。PBB-209在10种PBBs中所占比例最高，在进行类似区域的PBBs监测时，可主要监测PBB-209含量，并用PBB-209含量乘以经验系数1．78来初步判断PBBs的污染状况。

Characteristics of Polybrominate Biphenyls Pollution of a Typical E-Waste Disposal Site and Soils in Its Surroundings.

Concentrations and distribution of 10 PBBs （polybrominate biphenyls,i, e. PBB -3, PBB -15, PBB -18, PBB-52, PBB- 101, PBB- 153, PBB- 180, PBB- 194, PBB-206 and PBB-209） in the soils at a typical e-waste disposal site and its surroundings were analyzed sequentially using the method of accelerated solvent extraction （ASE） , gel permeation chromatography （ GPC ） and gas chromatography-mass speetrography （ GC-MS ）. Results show that e-wastes caused PBB pollution, similar in extent, to the site and the surrounding area, with total PBB content in the soil averaging 2. 81× 10-3 and 2. 50×10-3 mg. kg-1 , respectively, reflecting a lower pollution level. Of the ten PBBs, PBB - 153, PBB- 194, PBB- 206 and PBB- 209 were the main pollutants because they have been commonly used. The distribution of total PBBs along the soil profile showed a decreasing order of 〉 40 - 60, 0 - 20, 〉 20 - 40 and 〉 60 - 80 era. PBB - 209 was the major one, being the highest in proportion. So that, in monitoring PBBs pollution in similar regions, it is ad- visable to determine the content of PBB -209 alone and then multiply the result by empirical coefficient 1.78. Such meth- od is adequate for reflecting the PBBs pollution of the regions.