室内灰尘中多环芳烃及其衍生物的赋存与人体暴露研究进展

多环芳烃(polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons,PAHs)作为典型的持久性有机污染物(persistent organic pollutants,POPs)中的重要类别,具有半挥发性、生物蓄积性、长期残留性和明显的毒性(包括致癌、致畸、致突变)等特点,因此是环境中的一类重要污染物.PAHs衍生物的赋存浓度通常比PAHs母体低,是直接作用的诱变剂和致癌剂,具有比PAHs母体更高的致癌性和致畸性,毒性作用也更为直接,近年来PAHs衍生物引起了越来越多的关注.室内灰尘作为污染物的特殊载体,研究其中的PAHs及其衍生物的赋存、来源、人体暴露风险有重要意义.本文基于当前国内外对室内灰尘中PAHs及其衍生物的研究,对室内灰尘中PAHs及其衍生物的赋存、来源及其人体暴露风险进行了系统综述,最后提出了现有研究的不足,并对室内灰尘中PAHs及其衍生物今后的研究方向进行了展望.

Occurrence and human exposure of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their derivatives in indoor dust:A review of recent studies

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)is an important category of typical persistent organic pollutants(POPs).It is semi-volatile,bioaccumulative,long-term residual and toxic(e.g.,carcinogenic,teratogenic,mutagenic);therefore,it is regarded as an important pollutant in the environment.Even though concentration of PAHs derivatives is usually lower than their parent PAHs,some of them have shown direct mutagenic and carcinogenic effects without transformation.In addition,PAHs derivatives exhibit higher carcinogenic and teratogenic effects than their parent PAHs.Therefore,there is an increasing concern on PAHs derivatives.Since indoor dust is one of the major carriers of pollutants into human body,it is of great significance to study the concentration level,source and human exposure risk of PAHs and their derivatives in indoor dust.Based on the current literature data on PAHs and their derivatives in indoor dust around the world,the concentration,source and human exposure risk of PAHs and their derivatives have been comprehensively reviewed in this study.Moreover,the unresolved problems and knowledge gap in the existing studies are identified.Finally,future study of PAHs and their derivatives in indoor dust are suggested.