城市污水处理厂进出水中类雌激素暴露影响评价

以稀有鮈鲫（Gobiocypris rarus）为模型动物,利用卵黄蛋白原（VTG）和生长发育指标作为类雌激素污染的生物标志物,评价了沙湖污水处理厂进出水中类雌激素暴露对稀有鮈鲫仔鱼的影响.结果表明：暴露21d后,未稀释进水和一级处理出水对稀有鮈鲫仔鱼VTG有显著诱导,各级处理水对稀有鮈鲫的生长发育也造成了一定的影响,在进水和一级处理出水暴露组中有死亡现象发生.以17β-雌二醇（E2）为阳性对照,对稀有鮈鲫VTG的诱导作标准曲线,计算进水以及各级出水的类雌激素E2的活性当量,发现污水处理厂一级和二级处理工艺对污水的类雌激素活性的去除率分别为47%和95%以上.表明在现有污水处理工艺中,二级处理工艺可去除大部分的类雌激素,而一级处理工艺却不能有效去除类雌激素.

ASSESSMENT OF ESTROGENCITIES OF INFLUENT AND EFFLUENT FROM A WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT

The estrogencities of influent and effluent from a wastewater treatment plant were studied in rare minnow using vitellogenin(VTG)and the parameters of growth and development as biomarkers. Significant increases of VTG levels in rare minnow exposed to the 100% influent and primary effluent, the growth and development of the fish were also affected by the influent and primary effluent, and even deaths occurred after 21 days exposure. Using the laboratory-based E2-VTG dose-response data as a standard curve, the VTG responses of rare minnow were calculated to correspond to E2 equivalent concentrations. The removal rates of oestrogens were shown as 47% of the primary treatment ,and over 95% of the secondary treatment process respectively. These results demonstrated the majority of the xenoestrogens could be removed by the secondary treatment process, but not be effectively removed by the primary treatment process. It is suggested that the current Chinese wastewater treatment process should be further improved.