厦门湾海域表层沉积物重金属和多环芳烃污染特征及生态风险评价

研究了厦门湾海域表层沉积物中Cu,Pb,Zn,Cr,Cd,Hg和As和16种多环芳烃的分布、来源及潜在的生态风险.结果表明:(1)Cu,Pb和As平均含量均介于效应浓度区间低值(ERL)和效应浓度区间中值(ERM)之间,而大多数站位Zn,Cr,Cd和Hg平均含量则低于ERL值;(2)沉积物多环芳烃(PAHs)以石油或油料燃烧来源为主,PAHs的总量远低于ERL值(4000μg·kg~(-1));(3)重金属与低环PAHs相关性显著,易发生交互作用;(4)利用沉积物平均效应区间中值商法(mERM-Q)进行沉积物生态风险评价发现,筼笃湖表层沉积物对海洋底栖生物可能存在较强的生物毒性风险.

POLLUTION CHARACTERISTICS AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT OF HEAVY METALS AND POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS (PAHs) IN SEDIMENT FROM XIAMEN BAY

Heavy metal and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are often present together in sediment environment, and their combined pollution has become one of the important directions of environmental sciences. Bottom surface sediments from 12 stations within Xiamen bay were analyzed for Cu, Zn, Pb, Zn, Cr, Cd and 16 priority PAHs. The results indicated that As, Pb and Cu were grouped between the effects range-low (ERL) and effects range-median(ERM), and Zn, Cr, Cd, Hg were grouped below ERL at most sites. Total PAH levels were far below ERL of 4000 μg kg~(-1) , and both petrogenic and pyrogenic inputs were significant to the observed PAH levels. The results that have shown a good correlation between heavy metals and low-ring PAHs indicated that they have similar chemical behaviours in the environment. By applying of mean Effects Range Median quotients (mERM-Q), it was found that the Yundang Lagoon with mERM-Q value close to 0.5 would be expected to have the greatest potential toxic risk in amphipod within Xiamen bay and its adjacent areas.