环境分析化学发展战略研究

环境分析化学是环境化学的一个重要分支.本文报导环境分析化学的研究领域,对象,国内外研究工作的发展趋势以及环境分析方法和环境监测仪器等。近年来,在污染物的超痕量分析、环境标准参考物的制备以及环境分析监测技术自动化方面都有较大的进展,对推动研究污染物的来源、毒性和含量,为最终控制和改造环境起到了推动作用,环境科学的发展在一定程度上依赖于环境分析化学所取得的成就。 在研究国内外工作动向的基础上,我们提出了环境分析化学的中近期研究方向,其中包括有机污染物和元素化学形态定值的环境标准参考物质、无机毒物的形态分析、分析技术的联用,有毒污染物的系统分析、我国优先监测污染物名单的制定、新型采样器,以及监测技术自动化研究等方面,以供从事这方面工作的领导和科研人员参考。

STRATEGY STUDY OF ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY

Environmental analytical chemistry is one of the important branches of environmental chemistry. The importance of analytical chemistry in the environmental science has been well recognized by those who are concerned about the world-wide environmental pollution in recent years. In order to grasp the actual status of environmental pollution, studies of rapid, sensitive and highly selective analytical methods and reliable instruments capable of measuring the polluted species at ultratrace levels and also their automatization are indispensable. This paper presents the recent development in these fields. The scope of research areas and objects are also discussed.In recent years much work has been done on the ultratrace analysis of both inorganic and orgainc pollutants, chemical state analysis, as well as automatization of monitoring systems. These investigations have contributed a great deal to the control and ma nagement of environmental pollution. It should be emphasized that the development of environmental chemistry depends much on the achievements in environmental analytical chemistry. Based on a general review of the recent trends in environmental analytical chemistry, we suggest that our mid-term plan should include such programs as investigation of standard reference materials with certified values of organic pollutants and chemical species, development of hyphenated techniques for trace analysis, systematic analysis of organic pollution, working out a list of priority pollutants, automatization and computerization of monitoring systems and development of new sampling systems.