宁夏近51年气候变化特征分析

利用宁夏10个气象站1960-2010年日气温和降水资料,对宁夏气温和降水的时空变化特征进行了分析.结果显示:①宁夏整体呈现暖干化趋势,但存在区域间差异.②近51年来宁夏年平均气温呈上升趋势,冬季升温幅度大,秋季升温幅度最小.③年平均降水量总体呈现减小趋势,春季微弱增加,冬季降水量显著增加,夏季降水微弱减少,秋季降水减少明显.④通过Kriging空间差值法分析表明,年平均气温总体呈现由西南向西北递增的趋势,中、北部增温较明显；平均年总降水量总体呈现由西南向西北递减的规律,中、北部降水量减小最为明显.

Analysis on Characteristics of Climate Change in Ningxia in Recent 51 Years

The climate change characteristics of annual,decade,seasonal,spatial temperature and precipitation in Ningxia based on the daily temperature and precipitation in recent 51 years.Analysis of the annual,seasonal of climate change trend of the temperature and precipitation in Ningxia carried out using the methods of climatic tread rate,5-year moving average and Kriging spatial analysis.The mainly results showed:①The main trend was warming and drying in Ningxia,but exist regional differences.②The annual average temperature was becoming warmer in recent 51 years.The rising extent of the temperature in winter was the maximum,and the spring was the minimum.③The annual average precipitation was reducing.There was slight increase of the precipitation in summer and winter,summer and autumn precipitation decreased significantly.④The result of Kriging spatial analysis was that:The increasing tread of annual average temperature was south to north,north and central warming obviously.The decreaseding tread of annual average precipitation was the southwest to northwest,north and central decreasing obviously.