国内外生态足迹研究进展

在可持续发展的定量研究中，生态足迹形象地反映了人类经济活动对环境影响的程度，对地区可持续发展的决策具有一定的指导意义。本文阐述了：（1）生态足迹的理论背景、相关概念、计算方法以及与能值分析法、产品生命周期法和投入产出法等综合应用的趋势；（2）生态足迹在全球、国家、地区尺度上的研究成果，以及在国际贸易、能源、旅游、交通、饮食等领域的应用进展；（3）土地互斥假设、全球面积单位、等效因子取值以及研究尺度方面的局限性。最后，本文指出了在多指标整合、污染影响分析和家庭消费尺度研究等方面的研究趋势。

A Review of Research on Ecological Footprint

In quantitative researches on sustainable development, Ecological Footprint Analysis （EFA） reflects the impact of human economic activities on environment. Hence, it is useful for policy decision concerning local sustainable development. This article reviews ： （ 1 ） the theoretical background, relevant concepts, calculation methods of EFA, as well as application trend of the methods of Energy Analysis, Product Life Cycle and Input-Output Analysis; （2） its global, national and local applications in the fields of international trade, energy, tourism, transportation and food process; and （3） the limitations of hypothesis on exclusive land use, application of global area unit, valuation of equivalent factor, and objective scales of research. Research suggestions are given on multi-indicators, pollution impact, and household scale consumption in the end.